Drug testing in the United States began with the explosive use of illegal drugs, in order to
             curb drug abuse. This began during the Vietnam War with drug use at a climax. In
             general, Drug testing is a way to detect illegal drug use and deter it, usually by Urinalysis.
             Drug testing in the United States violates a citizen's right to unreasonable search and
             seizure's along with jeopardizing one's freedom. Drug testing is not only an unreliable
             invasion of a person's privacy but it assumes that one is guilty before submitting to the
             Drug testing began to take place in the mid 1960's when drugs like Marijuana,
             hallucinogens and other drugs were becoming widespread (Stencel, pp.201). The military
             implemented mandatory drug testing because of the widespread use and the number of
             Vets that were returning home because of addiction. Ronald Reagan pushed for
             employers to implement drug testing and even had himself screened for illegal drugs to
             encourage employers and to reduce opposition to testing (Stencel, pp. 200). "The
             increased concern about drug abuse has, in part, ben the result of the early 1986
             appearance on the streets of crack-a new, powerfully addictive form of cocaine-and the
             growth of cocaine addiction" (Berger, 12). President Reagan later called for a second
             In October of 1986, President Reagan signed into law a 1.7 billion dollar antidrug
             bill, called the "Drug-Free Workplace Order". In addition to the bill, Reagan instructed
             his cabinet officers to create a plan to begin drug testing for federal civil employees
             (Berger, 14). Drug testing thus begun a sharp climb into the area of private employers. In
             November of 1988 Congress passed an Act requiring grant recipients or federal
             contractors to maintain drug-free workplaces. Most of the employers set up voluntary
             testing programs and many employees began to sue, claiming that indivi...