nationalism
During the 100-year period of 1814 to 1914 every social group throughout Europe embraced the ideology of nationalism. Its success was largely due to the fact that it offered something for everyone regardless of social or political status. It had no specific ideas for government or economy, just simply whatever is best for the nation. Nationalism also combined well with all other ideologies of the time. However, the different classes of European society accepted nationalism for different reasons and at different times. In the years 1814 through 1848 nationalism ascended onto European society through the middle class. Shortly after the French Revolution in 1814 the Congress of Vienna was placed in charge of reconstructing Europe. In France the monarchy was restored. By 1830, Louis Philippe was king of France and had transformed their political system into a government by which only the rich could vote known as the Bourgeois Monarchy. Increasing social and economic discontent in France led the middle class to revolt in 1848. This revolution set up the Second Republic and gave all men in France the right to vote, creating a unifying thread throughout the country. In Germany, the German Confederation was created whic
Nationalism helped to unite people with a common history and culture. Unlike the other ideologies of the time, nationalism proposed self-sacrifice for the good of others. Inspired by patriotism for his country and loyalty to his king Bismark sought to unite all of the German nation-states. In 1866, as a means to unite the northern German states, Germany fought against Austria in the Austro-Prussian War. Also, the idea of Social Darwinism aided in the spread of nationalism. They saw, through revolts, the dangers of simply disregarding nationalism and found it more beneficial to simply compromise and blend the two together. Mass society and culture helped to create a feeling of togetherness and unity. Although it was stopped the revolution in Germany along with the revolution in France helped to create firm foundation for the spread of nationalism. Unfortunately, before they were able to apply their plan German kings charged in with their large armies and stopped the revolution. Through tools like the cinema, dance halls, and sporting events people could be brought together in large groups, which offered a sense of community and family. Four years later in 1870, Bismark engineered the Franco-Prussian War in order to incorporate the southern German states into the new unified Germany. I believe that the spread of nationalism throughout European society was a positive development. Prior to 1848 conservatives felt like the idea of nationalism was a threat to their power. Also, at the beginning of the 20th century national labor unions were legalized.
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,
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