moral standards
Ethics are moral principles or values that specify acceptable conduct, and determine how an institution will be governed. According to Shanahan and Wang, in their book Reason and Insight, the subject of ethics is morality, which is concerned with the practices, judgments, principles, and beliefs that guide people's actions. It attempts to address the issue of how we ought to live. Many people have different values that guide their lives, but some of these values are better supported than others. Since people have different morals and values, it is important to distinguish between cultural and moral relativism. First, I will explain the difference between moral and cultural relativism. Next, I will indicate the claims that are supposed to follow from cultural relativism. Then I will explain one of the claims and show Shanahan and Wang's argument against this claim. Lastly, I will show why Shanahan and Wang's argument for this claim are true, and why I accept it. We grow up in a social atmosphere that tells us what is right and wrong. If our own personal morality is different from another culture's, we tend to believe that they are wrong, and our cultural views of morality hold more
What may be acceptable in one culture may not be acceptable in another, and neither is objectively right. The Eskimo tribe would be in danger of starvation at times if they kept every baby girl. Shanahan and Wang's argument against the first claim There are universal moral truths that all cultures deem important or else they wouldn't exist. Even though the rules are different in each sport, these basic principles are common to all sports, and allow them to exist. This means each culture decides for itself what is morally accepted in that given culture. They believe that there is the presence of diversity among different cultures' moral codes, but it doesn't mean that there are no moral principles common across most cultures. The second claim states that there is no objective, culturally independent standard by which to judge the moral code of any culture. America is willing to sacrifice some to save the whole. " They go on by explaining how basketball, baseball, and football are completely diverse sports, yet there are a set of common underlying principles that each take on. Shanahan and Wang state, "The ethical diversity among cultures may be at a fairly high level and may be grounded on more basic moral principles that cultures have in common. With this in mind, moral relativism is the theory that all moral perspectives are equally acceptable. Moral relativism allows for the possibility that something could be morally right in one society, but morally wrong in another. For example, leaving a newborn baby in the snow to die, as the Eskimos often do, is entirely unacceptable in our society.
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Acceptance Essays
