Emile Durkeim
Emile Durkheim was born in the eastern French province of Lorraine on April 15, 1858. He was the s on of a rabbi and descending from a long line of rabbis, he decided early that he would follow the family tradition and become a rabbi himself. He studied Hebrew, the Old Testament, and the Talmud, while following the regular course of in secular schools. He soon turned away from all religious involvement, though purposely not from interest in religious phenomena, and became a freethinker, or non-believer. At about the time of his graduation he decided that he would dedicate himself to the scientific study of society. Since sociology was not a subject either at the secondary schools or at the university, Durkheim launched a career as a teacher in philosophy. Emile Durkheim made many contributions to the study of society, suicide, the division of labor, solidarity and religion. Raised in a time of troubles in France, Durkheim spent much of his talent justifying order and commitment to order. Durkheim was a pioneer French sociologist, taught at Bordeaux (1887-1902) and the University of Paris (1902-17). He introduced the system and hypothetical framework of accurate social science. Durkheim was author of T
So the social or society had a life and logic of its own. He explained suicide in terms of the degree to which a person is joined into social life. He used functionalism, an approach of studying social and cultural phenomena as a set of interdependent parts, to find out the roles these institutions and processes play in keeping social order. He has a great closeness with the two introductory sociologists, Comte and Saint-Simon. he Division of Labour (1893), Rules of Sociological Method (1895), Suicide (1897), Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1915). Durkheim's main purpose was to give sociology a professional and scientific standing like other traditional social sciences. If there was to be something called sociology there should be a job just for sociology and sociologists. Durkheim willingly noticed the ideas of the Division of Labor and the Biological Analogy. If this was the case then sociology had a purpose. He said that the god concept was a false way [collective representation] of the power that groups used to shape the behavior of members. This section of the social should be separated from the area of psychological and the individual. Both ideas which had been differently well developed by Comte and Saint-Simon. She followed the traditional Jewish family pattern of taking care of family affairs and helping him in proofreading and secretarial duties so he could devote all his activity to his intellectual pursuance. So the basic purpose of these religions and their rituals was to maintain social solidarity within those societies.
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