Galileo
Galileo Galilei was born on February 15, 1564, in Pisa, Italy. Galileo was the first of seven children of Vincenzio Galilei, a trader and Giula Ammannati, an upper-class woman who married below her class. When Galileo was a young boy, his father moved the family moved to Florence. Galileo moved into a nearby monastery with the intentions of becoming a monk, but he left the monastery when he was 15 because his father disapproved of his son becoming a monk. In November of 1581, Vincenzio Galilei had Galileo enrolled in the University of Pisa School of Medicine because he wanted his son to become a doctor to carry on the family fortune. Vincenzio thought that Galileo should be able to provide for the family when he died, and his sister would need a dowry soon. Galileo had other plans, and in early 1583 he began spending his time with the mathematics professors instead of the medical ones. When his father learned of this, he was furious and traveled 60 miles from Florence to Pisa just to confront his son with the knowledge that he had been "neglecting his studies." The grand duke's mathematician intervened and persuaded Vincenzio to allow Galileo to study mathematics on the condition that after one year, all of Galileo's s
Of course, the Church sided with Galileo's accusers and in early 1616, Galileo traveled to Rome to defend his ideas. Through lectures and writings, Galileo said that Copernicus was right - that the earth moved around the sun. The Church believed that all the planetary bodies were formed at the beginning of Creation, and that new stars were impossible. The Roman Catholic Church was uneasy about this declaration that they were wrong. Also through his telescope, Galileo observed that the Milky Way was made up of thousands of stars and that could not be seen with the naked eye. Galileo used his new device to observe the heavens. In 1609, Galileo heard of a "spyglass" that had been developed in Holland and quickly constructed one himself - the first telescope of twenty times magnification. The Vatican warned him that formal charges were would be pressed unless he abandoned his ideas that Copernicus was correct and that the Roman Catholic Church was wrong. Since these four bodies apparently circled Jupiter, this theory was put in question. In March of that year, all Copernican theories were banned, but Galileo ignored the warning and continued to talk about his beliefs. In November of 1589, Galileo found a position as a professor of mathematics at the university of Pisa, the same one he had left without a degree four years before. 1n 1592, he landed a job teaching mathematics at the University of Padua with the help of some aristocratic friends. In the spring of 1585, Galileo skipped his final exams and left the university without a degree. Galileo died at home on January 8, 1642. He found that the popular belief that the moon was completely smooth was incorrect; for he could see the craters and mountains with his new device.
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