Alzheimers disease Neurobiology causes and treatments of1
Alzheimers disease : Neurobiology, causes and treatments ofAlzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most common of the dementing illnesses.A progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the brain, causing impaired memory, thinking and behavior. A person with Alzhiemers Disease may experience personality and behavior changes, impaired judgment, confusion anddifficulty finishing thoughts, following directions or even finding the right word to say in a conversation. Once advanced the sufferer may require a caretaker as daily chores become very difficult to accomplish. Evidence points toward amyloid as one of the main causes for the occurring cytotoxic processes. Researchers have found that degeneration appears to be caused by interference with intracellular calcium homeostasis via activation of calcium channels, intracellular calcium stores, and further production of free radicals by calcium-sensitive enzymes. The glutamatergic system seems to be involved in mediating the toxic processes. In the brain, the nerve cells in the part that controls memory and thinking are damaged, this interrupts the passage of messages between communicating cells. The cells undergo distinctive changes, these are called neuritic
There is no single clinical test for AD. Suspected causes undergoing research are neurological damage, chemical deficiencies, viruses, environmental toxins and malfunctions in the body's disease defense systems and genetics. The symptoms include a loss of intellectual capacity, loss of language skills which may include having trouble finding words, poor or decreased judgment, problems with abstract thinking, disorientation in place and time, changes in mood or behavior and changes in personality. It shortens the sufferers expected life span, but through appropriate care and medical attention the patients oftenlive for many years. AD does not discriminate, it affects any race, socio background or sex equally. L (1993) A synaptic model of memory: Long-term potentiation in the hippocampus, Nature 361 31-39* Clarris H. New York 382-405* Holschier,C (1998) Neurobiology of disease, Academic Press 5 121-159* http://www. It is usually diagnosed by ruling out all other curable or incurable causes of memory loss. More than 100,000 die annually which makes AD the fourth largest cause of adult death in the US. The cause of Alzheimer's Disease is not exactly known.
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