democratization in Korea
9824055 Russian and Russian Literature (Kim Suh Jin) ±e¼-Áø e-mail : devotomil@hanmail.net Usually when a country goes through democratic transition there are two side which conflict during the process. The present government which wields the power and challengers from opposition parties. In South Korea's case it was the authoritarian regime and the political opposition and the opposition experienced suppression and confrontation before reaching a compromise. The authoritarian regime has resources to obstruct or extend the democratic transition to ensure it's continued political domination, which was the case in South Korea. The road to democracy is rough and the authoritarian government had to choose from repression which was costly or a In S. Korea after Rhee Syngman regimes
Four opposition parties were formed during the process: the Society and People's Party, the Association of Revolutionary Comrades, the Korea Society Party and the Social Reform party. Kim insisted on an immediate national referendum to decide between a parliamentary and a presidential system, release of all political prisoners so they could participate in the referendum, and on a restoration of the civil and political rights of opposition leader Kim Dae Jung. Also regionalism is a huge problem that affects the present political system. (The dispute of choosing parliamentary system or direct presidential elections). Disagreement within the NKDP led both members to break from the NKDP. This was signed because Korea badly needed U. Despite the opposition president Chun sought to postpone presidential elections and to make sure that Roh Tae Woo could win without a properly contested election. Kim Young Sam successfully broke away from the radical Kim Dae Jung and guaranteed him the top executive post in the next government thus the first civilian government in South Korea. Democratization is a process that needs the consent of both the governing party and opposition party, as the case in S. Roh agreed to the opposition's demand on June 29, 1987. However this weakened Jang regime and it failed to consolidate democracy. In the 80's the student demonstrations became more violent. On January 22, 1990 three parties of Roh Tae Woo, Kim Young Sam, and Kim Jong Pil announced the creation of one dominant party, the Democratic Liberal Party. These are some of the problems that need to be worked out in the future.
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