The methods of argument used by Socrates in the works of Plato
focused on actual knowledge. This method, known as the Socratic Method, is
unconventional. It is not a means of argument through persuasion or
opinion, but rather a tool of view through question and challenge.
The method considers knowledge as being inherent to the human
soul rather than a study of how things are. In this essay, I will examine how
this unique method relates and operates with the unique style of text in
Socrates' method of teaching by asking questions searched for
definitions. In his method of argument, he would challenge anyone with a
pretense to knowledge. Socrates argued his theories of how actual knowledge
is attained through joining in discussion with another person who thought
he knew what virtue or expertise was. Under this questioning, it became
clear that neither Socrates nor the other person knew the meaning of such
terms. Socrates then would cooperate with whomever he was talking to on a new
idea where Socrates would make interrogatory suggestions that were either
For Socrates, knowledge was not merely accepting a second-hand
opinion, but personal achievement gained through continuous questioning
and evaluation. Through Socrates' question of himself and of others, his
arguments on attaining true knowledge involved not learning the
answers but searching for them. The search was more successful when done
by two friends, perhaps one (Socrates) being more experienced than the
other, but both in love with the goal of truth, knowledge, and the willingness
to subject themselves honestly to the critical test of argument alone.
Socrates' greatest strength in his method of view was his ability to
stimulate the thinking of others to aid him in his hypothesis of actual
knowledge. He opposed cross-examination in a set pattern. This is clearly
displayed in Meno after Socrates questioned a boy with a geomet...