china revolution
Many aspects of China's history attributed to China's revolution in 1911. These aspects were both long term and short term. China's 1911 revolution was somewhat different from those in other countries in that the factors leading up to it were not mainly short termEhey were part of China's long term and inbred culture. It was because of these established roots and ideas that the 1911 revolution did not completely succeed in changing the outlook of many people in China and is often seen in accordance with the effects of the communist revolution in 1949 and then again with the Cultural revolution of the 1960's. Generally there is not one source that makes a revolution transpire. China's 1911 revolution was no different in that the reasons that it happened were numerous. Both short term and many long term situations in China mixed together to make
Many had the idea that change in the old way of government was a good thing. This lead to a decline in Chinese industry and a debasement of the Chinese currency. But because of corruption on a grand-scale within the government half the money never reached anywhere other that officials pockets. Life in China was prevailing difficult for those not in the upper-class. Stemming from the idea of a constitutional monarchy came radical ideas like abolishing the monarchy altogether. Then, because of indemnity payments to other powers the taxes were increased again and because the customs tax couldn't be increased (fixed tax) they had to be increased again. All this on an already starving and miserable population. So the taxes were further increased. So although new ideas and thoughts were abundant, food and secure living was not. a lethal combination of simmering, restless and frustrating problems. When the Boxer Protocol was enforced the Manchu had to agree to even more foreign demands and when they failed to intervene in the Russo-Japanese war (fought on Chinese soil) anti-Manchu and anti-foreign feeling increased. Basically the whole country was restful and ready for change. The 'scramble for concessionsEand the way the foreigners controlled the Manchu government led to dissatisfied and humiliated feelings among the Chinese people. As the treaty ports grew and flourished the people living there were exposed to many foreign ideas and the urbanised population quickly became tamely Westernised.
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Nationalism Manchu,
Boxer Protocol,
Life China,
1911 revolution,
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short term,
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