the ocean and its priperties
The oceans are said to be the "source of life." The enormous, blue, calm oceans are the signatures of the planet earth. They cover nearly three-fourths of the surface of the earth. This is equal to 71 percent of the earth's entire surface or about 361 million sq km (140 million sq mi). Its average depth is 5000 m (16,000 ft), and its total volume is about 1,347,000,000 cu km (322,300,000 cu mi). This includes the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. These oceans are bordered by the continental masses or by ocean ridges or currents. The ocean basins hold at immense amount of over 285 million cubic miles of water (1185 million cu. km.). This quantity of water developed from the Earth's interior as it cooled. In order to understand the role water plays in our lives, you must know the chemistry of water itself. Each molecule of water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The hydrogen atoms bond to the oxygen atom unevenly by sharing electrons. This is shown in figure 1-1. Important interactions take place because of the electron sharing. The oxygen atom tends to draw the electrons provided by the Hydrogen atoms closer to its nucleus, making an electrical separation and a polar molecule. The polar nature resu
It limits the distribution and ranges of ocean life by affecting the density, salinity, and concentration of dissolved gasses in the oceans, as well as influencing the metabolic rates and reproductive cycles of marine organisms. 5 F), the freezing point of seawater, in Polar Regions. The temperature of surface ocean water ranges from 26 C (79 F) in tropical waters to -1. During that hour the Coriolis force will have deflected it about 300m from its original path! This is why the Coriolis force has a significant effect on deflecting ocean currents. The Kuroshio in the North Pacific is a similar current, and both serve to warm the climates of the eastern edges of the two oceans. Thorpe Publisher: John Wiley and SonsDate: 1998Title: The OceansAuthor: Don GrovesPublisher: John Wiley and SonsDate: 1989INTERNETWWW. Current direction varies from about 15 degrees along shallow coastal areas to a maximum of 45 degrees in the deep oceans. Echo sounders are tools used in oceanographic research. They may differ in depth or disappear depending on atmospheric conditions above the water. The West Coast in the United States is cooled in the summer because of the California current and warmed in the winter by the Davidson current. Another property of water is the chlorinity. Currents also have an affect on the earth's pressure patterns. The surface currents of the ocean are characterized by large gyres. The movement of the wind blowing across the ocean causes the water on top of the surface to move.
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