In this American world, the Negro has been seen as lost and forgotten. For this
reason, the world yields him no true self-consciousness, but only lets him see himself
through the revelation of the other world. The two ideals of the Negro is that of his color
and the struggle of attaining his self-conscious manhood. He simply wants to be seen by
society as an individual and not judged by race. Thus, throughout history since
Emancipation, the black man=s progression has been weak due to white society shaping his
Nevertheless, the success of the Negro has driven many important and intellectual
figures. For example, Booker T. Washington, Marcus Garvey, Alain Locke, and others
have provided a clear path for the success of African-Americans in a society of prejudice,
ignorance, and narrow-mindedness. Booker T. Washington bestowed a definite programme
of industrial education, conciliation of the South, and submission to civil and political
rights for Negroes. He founded Tuskegee, which also provided support for Negroes to a
substantial education that southern whites would not allow them to have. However,
criticism came from both the North and the South, in relation to Washington=s counsels
of submission which overtook certain elements of true manhood, and that his educational
programme was unneccessarily narrow. The influence of this opinion did not prevent the
achievement of Negroes in education, civil rights, and political power.
Another example, was Marcus Garvey, a black activist who encouraged American
blacks and others of African heritage to unify for the common good. He established the
United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in 1918-1919, in order to influence the
movement of race solidarity. For this reason, Garvey=s philosophy marked a radical
departure from the traditionally acceptable Civil Rights posture of political and financial
equality with other races, especially whites;...