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The New Deal was a political and social plan that was the presidential campaign platform of Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Although Roosevelt was very vague about what it was and actual measures to be taken while running for president, the New Deal was the shinning hope for many Americans who had lost their jobs or were living in poverty. After the United States had plummeted into the greatest depression to face this country while Herbert Hoover lead the country, many voters were looking for anyone with a promising plan and a bright outlook. As banks closed and unemployment rates soared, Roosevelt promised a balanced budget, and spoke of Hoover's rash and excessive spending. The election of 1932 was a landslide in Roosevelt's favor, and he quickly took over as soon as he began his term. Roosevelt called a special session of Congress lasting from March 9 until June 16 in 1933. Roosevelt began to put his "New Deal" into action. With a democratic majority in Congress on his side, Roosevelt churned out legislation rapidly from the generally sluggish machine of Congress. Banks had been closing all over the country due to frightened citizens withdrawing all of their money. In order to increase
Witho!ut Roosevelt, a plan similar to the New Deal would have occurred, but may not have ever reached the greatness and success without the genius and charisma of the man. The Federal Housing Administration began to stimulate the building industry by giving homeowners small loans for improving their home or constructing new ones. All of these actions were still not enough to completely defeat the monster of un!employment. The Second Agricultural Adjustment Act, passed two years later, continued conservation payments to farmers for growing less acreage, but also provided parity payments for farmers who conformed to restrictions on specific crops li!ke cotton and wheat. All of these measures were taken as an attempt to control inflation and to start up businesses. Many Americans searched for jobs that simply did not exist. This planned to remove acreage from production while conserving the soil from erosion that had taken so much of the topsoil during drought and high winds. All of these bills were part of Roosevelt's complicated, experimental, and radical plan, supported by his "three R's", Relief, Recovery, and Reform. Roosevelt called a special session of Congress lasting from March 9 until June 16 in 1933. The Civil Works Administration was formed as a temporary source of jobs such as leaf raking during the particularly cold winter of 1933. Labor rights continued to improve with the Fair Labor Standards Act, or the Wages and Hours Bill. The Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act suspended mortgage foreclosures for three years, and moved farmers with small amounts of poor land to better areas. The Federal Housing Administration began to stimulate the building industry by giving homeowners small loans for improving their home or constructing new ones. This particular plan failed, but a revision of the original idea succeeded with the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act of 1936.
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