Otto von Bismarck
One politically significant German figure of the 19th century single handedly unified Germany and took it from being a weak nation to being the strongest in Europe. He set out to create a "Little Germany" free of Austria. He succeeded by defeating both Austria and France, and Germany became one of the most powerful nations in all of Europe. This man known as "The Iron Chancellor" worked his way up the ladder in the German system to become one of the most powerful men to ever live. He is Otto Von Bismarck.Bismarck was born in 1815 in Saxony, and later moved to Farther Pomerania where he lived on his father's estate, Kniephof. He later grew up and studied law in Hanover at Gottingen; he then transferred to the University of Berlin. He passed his final exams in 1835. He held judicial and administrative offices before he was elected to the Prussian Landtag. There he had been ambassador to St. Petersburg and Paris.Otto goes through three unsuccessful engagements before finding the right one. He married Johanna von Puttkamer in 1847. They stayed married until her death in 1894. They had three children together: Marie, Herbert, and Wilhelm. All three of their children died.Bismarck was appointed by William I in
Wilhelm II demanded a resignation from Otto. Bismarck was strong in the internal affairs, but he feared the unified church and was involved in a lengthy conflict, known as Kulturkampf. The Ems Dispatch was a conversation between William I and the French Ambassador Comte Benedetti about Leopold inheriting the Spanish throne. This was an attempt to keep peace even after Bismarck was out of office. After this war William I was declared German emperor. Bismarck circulated fear of France to try and unite the rest of the German states. Bismarck wrote his resignation in 1890 recognizing that Wilhelm II had forced his resignation. He negotiated many big time alliances and still managed to keep France isolated. To maintain peace, Bismarck created the Three Emperors' League, which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia. He also formed a banking system, which lead to the colossal wealth of Germany. Along with Alsace and Lorraine, he annexed Hanover, Schleswig-Holstein, Hessen-Kassel, and Nassau. Most laws were repealed, and some of the laws just became obsolete. But the deal's complications disturbed Wilhelm II and Bismarck's successor, Caprivi, and the alliance was not renewed. Unfortunately for Bismarck, the Catholic Center party gained a lot of strength in the Reichstag elections of 1878. Bismarck publicized this "private" conversation to trigger France into starting a war.
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