Segregated Communities
Economic segregation is scarcely new. In fact, zoning and city planning were designed in part to preserve the position of the privileged but segregated communities go farther in several respects. They create physical barriers to access. And they privatize community space, not merely individual space. Many of these communities also privatize civic responsibilities such as police protection and communal services such as schools, recreation, and entertainment. The new developments create a private world that shares little with its neighbors or the larger political system. This fragmentation undermines the very concept of community life.The forting up phenomenon also has enormous consequences. By allowing some citizens to internalize and to exclude others from sharing in their economic privilege, it aims directly at the conceptual base of community and citizenship. The old notions of community mobility are torn apart by these changes in community patterns. What is the measure of nationhood when the divisions between neighborhoods require armed patrols and electric fencing to keep out other citizens? When public services and even local government are privatized, when the community of responsibility stops at the subdivision gates,
Costello, Michael, and Marilou Palabrica Costello. The number of security guards has doubled in the last decade and now surpasses the number of police. Caldeira looks directly at the construction and development of segregated communities in Sao Paolo, Brazil and Los Angeles, California. The elite members of the Philippine population have their roots directly in the walls and gates that surround them. "The Urban Poor: Their Case from Selected Communities in Metro Manila, Cebu, and Davao," Philippine Economic Journal [Manila], 28, Nos. Gated communities are themselves a microcosm of the larger spatial pattern of segmentation and separation. "Fortified Enclaves: The New Urban Segregation," Public Culture (1996): 303-328. These developments feed on exclusionary aspirations and the desire to differentiate. Whether crime is acute or infrequent, the threat actual or only perceived, the fear is very real. The growing divisions between segregated communities and Manila and rich and poor are creating new patterns which reinforce the costs that isolation and exclusion impose on some at the same time that they benefit others. The dramatic growth of the security industry is indicative of this trend. Private security outspends public law enforcement by 73 percent, and is now clearly the nation s primary protective resource (Costello, 295). With this model, the structure of a segregated community within Manila can visibly show the separation that is happening that mirrors the same processes that has occurred in Sao Paolo, Brazil and Los Angeles, California. As the growth of gated communities in Manila are coming to look like a fortified honeycomb, with each residential neighborhood now encased in its own.
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Acceptance Essays
