sir mackenzie bowell
Sir Mackenzie Bowell was the fifth prime minister of Canada. He heldoffice for sixteen months, between 1894 and 1896, before a revolt in hiscabinet forced him to resign. "With considerable force of character but nospecial capacity in administration, he was unable either to command therespect of his colleagues or to avoid committing his government to apolitically dangerous question of public funding for religious schools inManitoba" (Smith, R. 1974. p.145). For most of his time in office, Bowellwas minister of customs, and as such he put into operation of protective tariff,or tax on imports, to aid Canadian manufactures. The tariff was the substanceof the celebrated National Policy of former prime minister Sir John A.Macdonald. The main work of Bowell's forty years in politics was as anorganizer of the Conservative Party in the province of Ontario. Bowell was born in 1823, in Rickinghall, England, the son of acarpenter. "The family emigrated to the province of Upper Canada, laterOntario, in 1833 and settled in the town of Belleville. There Bowell wasapprenticed to the printer of the local newspaper" (Harris, C. 1987. p.29) Heremained in the town, becoming the newspaper's editor and e
In 1890 theprovincial government of Manitoba had abolished its system of separateRoman Catholic schools. Bowell did most of the work for preparing it, and hestated the Canadian position clearly: Colonial preference for British goodsimplied British preference for colonial goods. When Thompson died suddenly in 1894, Bowell, was in terms ofservice, the oldest man in Parliment. "Bowell became prime minister, and most of the other ministersagreed to service under him, as Sir Charles Tupper, another potentialcandidate for the post of prime minister, had accumulated too many enemiesto be called back from his post as Canadian high commissioner in London. When SirJohn Thompson became prime minister and the party leader in 1892, Bowelltook over the new department of trade and commerce. Before long no one had any confidence inBowell. Long an advocate of the protective tariff, he saw it mainly as apolitical instrument. AS Bowell wavered, his Cabinet ministers resigned in relays,first from Ontario, then from Quebec, then again from Ontario. Bowell was responsible for sendingto Australia the first salaried trade commissioner from Canada. No one else was preeminent enough to brush aside the stubbornness withwhich Bowell clung to his seniority" (Smith, R. Bowellrose to be grand master of the order and consequently wielded considerablepolitical influence (Smith, R. It also gave the Liberals time to devise a compromise, so that they could offerrelief to Manitoba Roman Catholics without attacking the Manitobagovernment.
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Acceptance Essays
