John Caldwell Calhoun was born in 1782 in South Carolina. Calhoun was born near Abbeville District, South Carolina, and was an honors graduate at Yale College in 1804. He practiced law in Abbeville District until his election to the South Carolina legislature in 1808. He was a major American political figure before the Civil War. Calhoun played an important part in national affairs for 40 years. He was Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1832, and he ran for President several times but never won. He also served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives and of the Senate, and as secretary of war and secretary of state.
Calhoun is best known for his doctrine of states' rights, in which he claimed that each U.S. state had a right to reject national laws. He wanted to use the doctrine to protect slavery and other Southern interests without requiring the Southern States to
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In his later years, Calhoun strongly supported slavery and its extension and encouraged the additional expansion of Texas. This compromise quieted the tariff issue, but it did not resolve the states' rights problem Calhoun had raised. He favored the south and strived to satisfy his people. He was a firm believer in the preservation of slavery, yet did not disagree with the Union in many aspects. In 1828, Jackson again opposed Adams for President, and Calhoun served as Jackson's vice presidential running mate. He actively supported the government's postwar program, which included a protective tariff, a national bank, and an enlarged army and navy.
Calhoun was the vice presidential running mate of both Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams in 1824. Calhoun entered national politics as a member of the House of Representatives from 1811 to 1817. He improved the army's organization while secretary of war from 1817 to 1825. A statue of Calhoun represents South Carolina in the U. Calhoun felt that South Carolina, and the south in general, were being used by the nation's protective tariff, a high tax on imported goods.
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