isms in Europe
Throughout the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century Humanity was facing times of great new ideas that will significantly influence history. The social conflict between the "haves" and the "have nots" escalated into a sharp collision in the 18th century and resulted in the French Revolution that will be a pivotal point for identifying the genesis of the future political ideas that were to shape Europe during the Industrial revolution. Representing the conflict between the social classes, those political ideas contradicted each other and represented the polarization in society.One of the important political ideas in the 19th century was Conservatism. Although the term at different times had different nuances, Conservatism is basically a political philosophy that emphasizes on keeping as close as possible to the traditional values and retaining the current social, political and economic order. Conservatism viewed with skepticism most changes and in particular, changes in the moral ordering of society, they were regarded as very suspicious and probably harmful. This ideology was based on the respect for authority, custom and tradition and believed in proven institutions. It turned out to be a convenient ideology for justifyin
The law by itself should be made to serve all the people and everybody should be a subject to it. Napoleon also exploited Nationalism and spread it throughout the continent. This turned out to be not in Napoleons favor since the nations that he conquered embraced the nationalistic ideas and united them selves under the flag of national freedom. The continent was organized into political entities that were more or less ethnically uniform as a result of the right of self-determination and this helped to identify better the individual's interest with the interest of the state. Communist ideas were also influential since they represented the interests of the dissatisfied working classes. The government also had to abide by the law and should not abuse the rights granted to it by the people. This ideology served perfectly the interests of the leaders of the French Revolution when they had to defend France from the European armies and it was this ideology that united the French under a common goal. It helped to keep society intact and stimulated gradual evolution rather than sporadic change and social instability. Liberalism on the other hand was a movement that sought to establish more individual freedom and to promote natural human rights. Each country had its own specific future but it was a result of the interaction of those political ideas and the support that they had in the particular nation. Communism is a society without money, without a state, without property and without social classes. The circulation of goods is not accomplished by means of exchange: quite the contrary, it is distributed "to each according to their abilities, to each according to their needs". It basically stated that people although being unique by them selves are united on the grounds of common language, common tradition, common culture, and eventually common destiny. Yet the society was changing under the pressure for respect of natural human rights and better working conditions for the proletariat. Its positive effect can be seen in the gradual evolution of Britain as opposed to the turmoil and calamities of the French revolution who brought about enormous suffering.
Common topics in this essay:
Liberalism Conservatism,
French Revolution,
Europe Industrial,
John Locke,
France European,
Party Conservatism,
Italy Germany,
,
political ideas,
french revolution,
social classes,
natural human rights,
human rights,
natural human,
19th century,
19th beginning 20th,
20th century,
social contract,
beginning 20th,
gradual evolution,
beginning 20th century,
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