digestive system
The digestive system is a group of organs that perform the process by which food, containing nutrients, is eaten and broken down into different components. This breakdown makes it possible for the digested material to pass through the intestinal wall into the blood stream. The digestive process contains many different steps that take place in many different organs.The first step of digestion begins at the mouth, where the food enters the mouth. Saliva is secreted from the salivary glands. The saliva contains enzymes such as Ptyalin, which starts sugar digestion. The enzymes also provide lubrication to help in the chewing and swallowing of the food. The food then goes down the esophagus and into the stomach, where the next step of digestion takes place. In the stomach, a mixture of hydrochloric acid and Pepsin, which is secreted by the stomach wall, liquefies the food. At the same time, a substance called intrinsic factor binds Vitamin B in food and various gastric enzymes, such as Pepsin (which begins protein digestion), which are secreted by the stomach wall. Secretions of mucus protect the stomach from its digestive enzymes. The food is then mixed in the stomach, turning it into chyme(digested food). The muscular pumping mo
These enzymes include trypsin for protein digestion, amylase for carbohydrate digestion, and lipase for fat digestion. The first is the duodenal, which forms in the duodenum. The appendix intercepts pathogenic microorganisms the enter the digestive tract. Gastric ulcers develop in the stomach. People can reduce the risk of ulcers by not smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages. Many doctors use the term colorectal cancer, because the disease affects the main part of the large intestine, the colon, and the last part, the rectum. There are two types of peptic ulcers. Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in North America and Europe. Bile aids in the mechanical digestion of fat. The abdominal muscles tighten and the person becomes nauseated and usually has a fever. The duodenum is where most of the chemical digestion takes place. A symptom of constipation is pain or tenderness over the colon. This operation is called an appendectomy. Most peptic ulcers cause pain in the upper part of the abdomen. It is caused by bacteria from fecal matter that is trapped in the appendix.
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