Gregorian Chants
Gregorian Chant: The name is often taken as synonymous with plain chant (q.v.), comprising not only the Church music of the early Middle Ages, but also later compositions (elaborate melodies for the Ordinary of the Mass, sequences, etc.) written in a similar style down to the sixteenth century and even in modern times(Catholic Encyclopedia). Gregorian Chant is a melody set to sacred Latin texts and sung a capella (without accompaniment). This chant is usually monophonic in texture and its rhythm is flexible, without even the simplest harmonies(Kaimen). It is interesting to note that these melodies do not have the regular "beat" which is characteristic of nearly all the music of the last millennium and this tends to give the music a very spiritual quality (ntu.edu). In a stricter sense Gregorian chant means that Roman form of early plain chant as distinguished from the Ambrosian, Galliean, and Mozarabic chants, which were equivalent to it, but were gradually supplanted by i!t from the eighth to the eleventh century(Catholic Encyclopedia). Gregorian chants represent the voice of the Church which were passed down from generation to generation through oral tradition. Then over time the number of chants grew into the thousands
Columns 5-24: (Feast Name) The name of the feast on which the chant is sung, given in a style and spelling similar to that employed by Hesbert in volumes 3 and 4 of Corpus Antiphonalium Officii (CAO), but shortened to 20 characters. , 1901)Cagin, Un Mot sur l'Antiphonale Missarum (Solesmes, 1890)The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VI, Copyright c 1909 by Robert Appleton Company. In church the composer and singer are there to pray, not to force their own personal mood on others(Thuis). Columns 70-74: (CAO Number) The first four columns contain the number assigned to the text of this chant by Hesbert in CAO. By "religious music" here is meant music which has a certain atmosphere of devotion as the "prayer scenes" in the operas, as the oratories, as some "Masses" of the masters, like Bach and Beethoven. In the Middle Ages the legend long prevailed that Gregory one night had a vision in which the Church appeared to him in the form of an angel, magnificently attired, upon whose mantle was written the whole art of music, with all the forms of its melodies and notes. If the text is not in CAO, a letter followed by a three-digit number is supplied in this space. Gregory and the Gregorian Music (London, 1904). The feasts known to have been introduced after St.
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