Mafia
The Mafia can be traced back to the ninth century, when Sicily was invaded and then ruled by Arabs. The Arabic word Mafia means "place of refuge," and this term gave meaning to those Sicilians who were hillside refuges to which suffering inhabitants of the island fled. In the eleventh century Sicily was overrun by Norman invaders. They captured Sicilians and turned their farms into grand and glorious estates. The Sicilians were made slaves and put to work on these estates. Thousands escaped to the hills to where the Mafia strongholds were. In the fifteenth century Sicily was invaded once again. This time by the Spaniards. They brought with them the Inquisition with all of its sadistic punishments and tortures. The Sicilian peasants again sought the protection of the Mafia strongholds. There has been speculation that even another version of the beginning of the Mafia began when the French i
They had expanded into local police, the Sicilian army, and all the branches of the government. In the 1890s thousands of Mafia gunman and thieves swarmed to the U. By the middle of the nineteenth century, Sicily was totally controlled by the Mafia, which was now a completely criminal secret society. In the early part of the nineteenth century, Sicily, following feudal state examples, established loosely organized Mafia gangs in each province and in most towns and villages. , with them joined hundreds of thousands of Italians and Sicilians who were! seeking out a better life, in the land of opportunity. This society created a hierarchy of dons (chiefs) who were the heads of different Mafia families in their respective towns throughout Sicily, with the top don living in Palermo. The secrecy of the Mafia was its hallmark. ------------------------------------------------------------------------**Bibliography**. They basically controlled all of the island's government. A group who battled time after time of foreigner invaders. Many of the patriotic Sicilians retaliated with their own motto; "Morte a!lla Francia Italia anela!!!" "Death to the French is Italy's cry!!!"Century after century the Mafia was the symbol of patriotic society to Sicily. Extracting information through torture was also taught by the Mafia dons.
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