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Project Mercury was the United States' first attempt to send humans into space. It began in 1958. The project had three main objectives: to orbit a manned spacecraft around Earth, to see how well humans fared in space, and to recover both the spacecraft and its crew safely. Project Mercury made six manned flights from 1961 to 1963. After the Soviet Union launched "Sputnik," the first artificial satellite, the United States decided to start a space program because they didn't want to be beaten by the communists. The first U.S. spaceship was a cone-shaped one-man capsule with a cylinder mounted on top. It was 6 ft., 10 in. long, and 6 ft., 2 1/2 in. in diameter. A 19 ft., 2 in. escape tower was fastened to the cylinder of the capsule. The rounded, bottom end was covered with a heat shield to protect it against the 3,000 degree heat from atmospheric entry. Before the United States launched any humans into space, they launched an unmanned test flight of the booster and capsule, which carried a chimpanzee. Each astronaut in Project Mercury got to name his space capsule and added the number 7 to represent the original seven astronauts of Project Mercury. The first man sent into space by the Unite
The next American launched into space was John H. Two of these were lunar orbiting missions (Apollo 8 and 10). He had flown 90 combat missions in Korea as one of the best pilots in the Air Force. Two astronauts from each of these six moon landing missions walked on the moon. Roger Chaffee said over the intercom, "Fire, I smell fire. Once in flight, the astronauts would breathe pure oxygen at one-third normal pressure. On May 25, President Kennedy committed the United States to a multi-billion dollar space program for at least the next nine years. He was in suborbital flight for 15 minutes and 28 seconds. gov/history/mercury/mercury-overview. His capsule, the "Sigma 7," was launched on October 3, 1962. The purpose of this mission was to evaluate the effects of one day in space. If it was successful, humans would land on the moon in July 1969.
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Acceptance Essays
