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The bubonic plague, or as it is more familiarly known, The Black Death, swept through Europe in the mid 14-century. The epidemic is said to have killed off 25 to 50 percent of the European population between 1347 and 1351. The debilitating disease took only three to five days to kill an untreated victim. The plague had negative, social effects on Europe, being a contributing factor to the cause of the Peasants' Rebellion, as well as serious Economic hardships among Europeans. The bubonic plague is " an acute infection in humans and various species of rodents, cause by Yersinia pestis, a bacterium transmitted by fleas that have fed on the blood of infected rodents, usually rats." (Microsoft Bookshelf 98). The epidemic got its name from the black spots that appeared on the bodies of its victims. Symptoms included high fever, and swelling of the lymph glands. The pneumonic plague, a relative of the bubonic plague, attacked the lungs, after healthy humans breathed in the airborne virus from the waste of those infected with the disease. Both forms brought death within a few days. The Black Death was carried to Europe from the Middle East by rats on merchant vessels. Arrivin
During the same period, other uprisings erupted in Yorkshire and Cambridge. The social and economic repercussions of the epidemic were catastrophic. Rising wages benefited the peasants and working class until the nobility invoked the states' aid in their behalf. At a later meeting with the king, Tyler was slain by the mayor of London. "(Bowsky, William, The Black Death 1978 p. A given "40% of England's clergy dies in the years 1348-1350. Although marriage and birth rates increased after the plague, recurrent plagues never allowed population to recover to pre-plague levels. Economically speaking, the Black Death accelerated existing economic trends. The conditions in the cities were even worse: the standards of public health and personal hygiene among the crowded slums were virtually non-existent. Castile and France had similar legislation but did not attempt enforcement. When the plague struck, Europe was completely helpless against it. In England and Spain, "marginal lands were often converted to grazing, which required less labour than farming. Its collection sparked revolt simultaneously in Kent and Essex in June. The already overpopulated cities in Europe were !beginning to reek with the smell of the dead and the dying.
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