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EDMUND BURKE: wrote "Reflection of the Revolution- felt it tried to change fr. OvernightTHOMAS JEFFERSON: brains of U.S. revolution- helped write Declaration of IndependenceHOGARTH: developed a new art form: engravingTHE STAMP ACT: taxes imposed on items that were "stamped"- enraged the colonists b/c was an indirect taxDENNIS DIDEROT: "knowledge is through experience and observation" -All new human knowledge written down in one bookLOCKE: believed state of nature was a relatively peaceful place -believed in a system of gov't that would guarantee life, freedom, and protectionROUSSEAU: "Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains.." -concept of gov't in hands of peopleTHOMAS HOBBES: "The life of man is solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.." -man can't survive w/out law and orderFRED II OF PRUSSIA: an enlightened monarchEDWARD GIBBONS: wrote " the decline and fall of the roman empire" -a masterpiece of historical literature -b/c everything revolved around himROBESPIERRE: leader of the Jacobins
Utopian socialist -wanted a community that responded to industrial needsST. showed wealth of stateWELTPOLITICK: world politics developed by William II- wanted Germany to be the world leaderLUCITANIA: key cause for USA to enter WWI- warship was shot down by German subs- 128 US peeps diedMIR: the collective agricultural village community and a kind of extension of the Russian family as a model for the ideal lifeCHEKA: the secrete police the prevented the breakout of the counter revolution -Lenin formed the ChekaALEXANDER KARENSKY: wanted Russian to stay in WWI- this was a fatal mistakeLEON TROTSKY: muscles behind the reds -was a communist - exiled to Mexico and was murderedREDS VS WHITES: civil war b/w Lenin's Bolsheviks and those who opposed communistEMILE ZOLA: thought physical and biological science could be applied in a novel- used her experimental method in a novelTRIPLE ENTENTE: England, France and Russia- worked together as potential alliesTRIPLE ALLIANCE: b/w Italy, Germany-Austria POPE PIUS IX : turned from a liberal to an arch-conservative- defended the right of church to interfere in all matters- called 1st Vatican CouncilAUGUSTE COMTE: theory of Positive Philosophy -to achieve a total scientific synthesis of all knowledgeKULAKS: peasants who had some land of their own -well off and produced enough surplus food to sell on the open marketNEP: New Economic Policy- introduced in 1921- mixed economy. NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN: British Prime Minister- led the idea of appeasementANTONIO SALAZAR: became Prime Minister of Portugal- his group: National Union Party- declared the only legal political partyTHE MARSHALL PLAN: made by secretary of the US- European recovery program started in 1947- To held Europe rebuildBLITZKREIG: lightning war developed by the GermansOPERATION SEA LION: Hitler's invasion of England -sent a fleet across the English channel to invade and occupy England -to protect the fleet the Luftwaffe had control of the air D-DAY : June 6, 1944- the allied invasion of the beaches of Normandy in France- this led to the end of WWIIERNST ROHN: was the leader of the S. Europe - The US tried to stop this by surrounding these states and contain communism- This was called CONTAINMENT- An imaginary border was created by the Soviets called the IRON CURTAIN- To isolate the communist people from the rest of the world - It surrounded all of communist Europe- The US wanted to stop communism so badly b/c it was a major factor in WWII-driving force· U2 SPY PLANE: - USA secretly spying on Soviets- Claimed they were doing weather observations- Soviets shot it down - made pilot prisoner· Cuban Missile Crisis- Soviets were shipping medium range missiles to Cuba in exchange for sugar- The US ordered a blockade from ships to get into Cuba- USA ordered Soviets to w/dram missiles from Cuba in exchange for an end to the blockade- It was accepted4) RUSSIAN REVOLUTION- was a result of WWI- - Russian revolution was an attempt to turn Russia into a communist country- Began in 1905: Bloody Sunday- Revolutionaries stormed the house of the Czar to talk to him: however he wasn't home and the guards opened fire- all the people wanted was for the Czar to listen- Rasputin: was a monk who was able to help Czar's son with his anemia- He was trusted by the royal family: put men that were not qualified into high positions - b/c Czar went to lead troops in the War: Alexandra had the power- However she loved her family and hated the people: trusted Rasputin completely- Lenin came back from exile and immediately removed Russia from the war- The Bolsheviks (communists) led by Lenin tried to gain power --- their motto was: "peace, bread and land" ------------------------------------------------------------------------**Bibliography**. A- created a problem for Hitler - wanted to Nazi's army, to replace the old aristocratic army as the basis of the new armed forces for germany. ESSAY MATERIAL1) Causes of WWI· Nationalism- excessive pride in ones country- wanting to prove your own country is better than another- EX. Philosopher- rejected the notion of a common humanity and stressed the differences b/c types of people - made distinction b/c noble man and common manEINSTIEN: developed theory of relativity- he redefined meaning of universal space and timeIMPERIALISM: was a quest to gain foreign land by European states -land should be rich in natural resources. Socialist who argued that there were limits to what social science could do- he claimed that science cannot answer all questions/tell us how to actFREDERICK NIETZCHE: Ger.
Common topics in this essay:
Guilt Clause,
Fr Utopian,
Ger Philosopher,
Middle Ages,
II Germany,
DENNIS DIDEROT,
War Alexandra,
DIALECTICAL PROCESS,
Bloody Revolutionaries,
KARL MARX,
industrial revolution,
treaty versailles,
declared war,
english channel invade,
france britain,
woodrow wilson,
russian revolution,
balance power,
world war,
war guilt,
germany world,
missiles cuba exchange,
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Acceptance Essays
