An organization, simply put, is a group that is formally designed to achieve some specific goal. A top concern of those managing this organization will always be to motivate their employees in an effort to reach their goal as cost-effective and as quickly as possible. Motivation is difficult to explain as well as practice, however, motivation is still the one thing that makes people productive in their jobs. The motivated employee learns fast, deals with customers courteously and efficiently, is cooperative with other employees, and is committed to helping you achieve the kind of results your business needs. Unfortunately, these types of employees do not grow on trees, and must be assisted to become truly motivated towards an organization's goals. There are many theories that can be studied and applied to any situation. Motivational theories are studied and practiced by theorists and companies to increase productivity.
             Scientists have defined motivation "as the process of arousing, directing and maintaining behavior towards a goal" (Greenberg 1999). The act of arousing is related to the desire and vigor to produce. Directing is the election of behavior, and maintenance is the inclination to behave in a certain manner until the desired outcome is met (Greenberg 1999). Many motivational theories are related to this definition. This essay will ponder different motivational theory as well as methods to motivate your employees. With new managing styles emerging in recent years, motivational techniques are becoming much more helpful in increasing organization productivity and success. The most successful techniques are those that promote openness, honesty, and inclusion, opposed to exclusion (Schneider 2001).
             The first theories we look to focus on the question: What causes behavior to occur & stop? The answer usually depends on (a) the needs, motives and desires that drive employees to work, and (b) the incentives that ...