Journal Articles
Journal Article #1: Is juvenile obsessive-compulsive disorder a developmental subtype of the disorder? A review of the pediatric literature. Author: Daniel Geller from the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, April, 1998. This article's main objective was to seek out similarities and/or differences between juvenile (child and adolescent) obsessive-compulsive disorder and adult forms of the disease. It stated three competing hypotheses on the relationship between juvenile and adult OCD: 1. juvenile and adult OCD are continuous, meaning the same, disorders; 2. juvenile and adult OCD are discontinous, different, disorders; and 3. juvenile and adult OCD are continuous but the juvenile disorder is more severe. A systematic review of studies done on both disorders were reviewed in order to make a conclusion in this article. Things that were considered include, age at onset, gender distribution, symptom phenomenology, psychiatric comorbidity, neurological and perinatal history, family psychiatric history, cognitive and neuropsychological profiles, treatment, and outcome. The expected to find that if the two disorders were part of the same disorder, then they would find similar correlates between !
The mean duration of the OCD symptoms was 5. This article was a different kind of follow up to the two previous articles. It wasn't as detailed as the others but still related closely to them. The conclusion that was reached was that antidepressants are effective in the short term treatment of OCD, that Clomipramine/SSRIs are more effective than non-serotonergic drugs and that concomitant depression is not necessary for effectiveness in treatment. In both types of sessions, the first couple of sessions were devoted primarily to gathering information about the nature of the OCD symptoms, treatment planning, and education about OCD given both to the patients and their parents. Journal Article #2: Cognitive-behavioral treatment of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open clinical trial. The patient's ages ranged from 10 to 17 years. In adult case studies, the mean age at onset was found to be 21 years, where as the studies for childhood OCD found the mean age at onset to be around 10 years. They suggested that their simplified program were effective in improving OCD symptoms in children and adolescents and that gains were maintained over time. Juvenile OCD was found to characterize high rates of comorbid disruptive behavior disorders in addition to specific developmental disorders. The clearest difference was the age at onset data, which showed a bimodal distribution, one peak in childhood and one in adulthood. More than 85% of the patients improved at least 50% from their pretreatment level of OCD severity. In addition to similarities between both juvenile and adult OCD, important differences were found. Patients were encouraged to persist with each exposure until the distress decreased noticeably. The study was done on 14 children and adolescents, 10 males and 4 females, who met the diagnostic criteria for OCD.
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Acceptance Essays
