Art Nouveau
Art Nouveau is a French term meaning "new art" that was used to describe thedecorative art style that occurred during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. With its beginnings found in the Arts and Crafts movement of William Morris, ArtNouveau eventually spread all over Europe and into the United States. In the varyingcountries this art movement was given different names. In Germany it was known asJugendstil after the Jugend art magazine. Italians called the movement Stile Liberty afterLiberty LTD style which was on of the few English companies which became involved inthe Art Nouveau movement. The term Art Nouveau, which was popularized by a galleryin France, is now used to describe all artwork and movements that were created between1894 and 1914 in response to the popular point of view. Art Nouveau artists' main goal was to erase the line between major and minor art. They wanted to unify all arts and center it around man and his life. They rebelled againstthe growing factories and the constant rise in city population. Many artists felt they had toreturn to the roots of artwork and leave the current art style. This led the artists toabandon the imitative art that previously seen in
Themovement was also helped along by the popularity of linear patterns in Japanese printsknown as ukiyo-e. Throughdesigning furniture for Paris art galleries he was a key component in bringing the ArtNouveau scene to Paris. Mackintosh focused his work around the geometric line and was most influential duringthe Austrian Sezessionstil. Guimard is best known for his creation of the entrancesto the Paris Metro. ------------------------------------------------------------------------**Bibliography**www. Due to his innovations in glassmaking, Tiffany became a leader in the Art Nouveu movement on both sides of theAtlantic Ocean. Also living in Franceat the time was cabinet maker and furniture designer Louis Majorelle. Another American involved in the Art Nouveau movement was architectLouis Henry Sullivan. Victor Horta built the first example of an Art Nouveau structurein continental Europe. Majorelle startedhis career created eighteenth century reproductions but in 1890 made the change to ArtNouveau. This could be seen in artwork that covered theentire spectrum. It led toArt Deco movement which was predominent during the twenties and thirties. The power of the line dominates over the other artisticelements- form, color, texture, and creates its very own decorative effect. Horta's use of the curved line greatly influenced theFrench architect Hector Guimard.
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