Estonian Labour Market Policy
Labour market policy in Estonia is organised primarily by the National Labour Market Board, that was formed in1991 and works under the juristiction of the Ministry of Social Affairs. According to the status of the Estonian Ministry of Social Affairs, the main tasks of the National Labour Market Board are: · Organising the registration of the unemployed and establishing the order of paying them benefits and supervising this system;· Administering labour mediation services designed to bring employees and employers together;· Administering vocational planning and counselling on dividing and re-dividing the labour force in the national economy on the basis of the structural changes in it;· Co-ordinating advances training and retraining to develop the labour potential of the population.At the present there are nearly fifty local employment offices in Estonia. Estonian Employment offices have for the most part implemented the measures of passive labour policy registering job seekers and the unemployed; pay benefits to them. Some active labour policy measures have also been implemented to guarantee social protection of unemployed. Social protection of the unemployed in the Estonia is provided by the state. It is mostly shor
The share of expenditures for subsidising employment in total expenditure has been rather small. The aim of an active labour market policy is to get people more able to find a job. 93)In my opinion in future labour policy are especially needed special programs for young people and special measures for long-term unemployed jobseekers. 113) It is evident that unemployment benefits as well as minimum wages are too low in Estonia, especially comparison with levels of industrialised countries but also other transitional countries. Because of all that in 1999 the share of passive labour policy was 65,6% in total expenditures. At the present there is a lack of long term perspectives and strategies. - Estonian Labour Market and Labour Market Policy. A View on the Economic and Sosial Situation in the Baltic State. Another important task of active labour market policy is to modify the demand side of labour through subsidising employment. In 1998 it was enhanced to the 300EEK, and since January 2000 unemployment benefit is 400 EEK. The statistical endorsement of the statement that unemployment is higher in the regions where expenditures of training and subsidised employment are lower gives us information about the necessity to develop more comprehensive training and retraining programmes and provide different measures of subsidised employment first of all in the regions with high unemployment. Estonian labour policy has been mostly passive so far, but whereas the unemployment benefit is very low the share of passive labour policy expenditures is comparatively in total expenditures: 49,9% in 1998. There are two reasons why some of the unemployed do not get unemployment benefits: he/she has already exhausted the benefits he/she was entitled to, or length of prior employment is insufficient.
Common topics in this essay:
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Estonia Viljandi-Tartu,
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