The New England and Chesapleake regions
Culture is the flavor to any society. Derived from what makes a society successful, culture brings society to life. By 1700, the English colonist had developed two diverse cultures in the societies of the New England colonies and in the Chesapeake region due to religious and agricultural reasons. Religion was the basis of culture in the New England colonies, yet it played a lesser role in the development of culture in the Chesapeake colonies. Due to strict enforcement, Religion influenced family life, education, and unity in the New England colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire. Many Puritan Separatists, unsatisfied with the Church of England, moved to Massachusetts for religious unity. Newcomers had the choice of converting to Puritanism or leaving Massachusetts. To not attend church regularly or live near the church was illegal. Not committing oneself to Puritanism was as much a crime
The importance of cash crops and a stable economy helped to develop a distinct culture. Even Jews came to practice their religion freely. Protestants soon outnumbered the Catholics. Due to religious views and agricultural differences, the cultures of the New England and Chesapeake colonies developed bold distinctions. As a result, the Act of Toleration, introduced by Lord Baltimore, established religious freedom in Maryland. In the Chesapeake region, economy seemed more significant than religious preference. In the Chesapeake colonies of Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware, religion seemed not nearly as prevalent in culture. Puritanism was the backbone to New England society, yet religious toleration in the Chesapeake colonies was an open door that many newcomers decided to take. The first public schools were set up in the New England colonies so that everyone could read the bible, which resulted in a higher level of education. Winthrop refers to his society "as a city upon a hill. Winthrop emphasizes the unity and love shared in Puritan societies of New England. Many newcomers turned to the Chesapeake colonies for its religious tolerance. Originally, the colonist came in search of gold and easy money, but they soon realized the opportunity in rich farmlands.
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