The reconstitution is the process of rebuilding that followed the American Civil War (1861-1865). Since this was the first civil war the United States had experienced, there were a lot of questions dealing with what to do with the South after the defeat of the Confederacy and the overthrow of slavery. The debate of these questions began during the war and continued for decades. This time period was known as the Reconstitution and was from 1865 to 1877. This period began with onset of an intense national struggle over the society and government in the postwar South, and ended with the fall of the last Southern State governments under Republican control. The federal attempt to remake the South was over.
Early in the war, the important issue of reconstitution emerged and attracted attention as the northern victory neared. As Union forces gained large areas of the South,
both Union commanders and the federal government were forced to make decisions on how these areas should be administered. The federal officials chose to experiment with sending Northern missionaries to set up schools, have former slaves be employed as contract labor, and whites loyal to the Union to organize new
. . .
Another important act was the Civil Rights Act of 1875, which barred discrimination by hotels, theaters and railroads. He quickly restored political rights to the Southern states and ordered the return of all abandoned plantations to their former owners. Even with unequal freedom being very different from the slavery the society was use to; the free-labor South was neither the South that the blacks wanted nor the South that their former masters wanted either. This allowed abandoned lands of South Carolina and Georgia to be set aside for the regions freed population. This process was known to the white Southerners as redemption. In 1869 Congress passed the 15th Amendment which broadened the 14th Amendment’s protection of black suffrage by providing that no citizen could be denied the right to vote on the basis of “race, color, or previous conditions of enslavement. This amendment expanded on the prior Emancipation Proclamation by abolishing slavery throughout the United States.
Early in 1865, before the war ended, the 13th Amendment to the Constitution was passed by the Congress in January. Under Johnson, a series of acts known as the black codes were passed which suddenly restricted the rights of newly freed slaves. It was passed in June 1866 and ratified in 1868.
On April 15, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated and Vice President Andrew Johnson rose to presidency. This act provided for the organization of loyal governments in all former Confederate states, with the exception of Tennessee. The primary services of this new agency was, however, for blacks; it established schools, supervised labor relations, and worked to protect blacks from intimidation and violence.
Approximate Word count =
937
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4 (250 words per page double spaced)
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