ADHD
There are some children who chronically daydream. They are often very bright, but they have trouble attending to any one topic for very long. They are full of energy and have trouble staying put. They can be quite impulsive in saying or doing whatever comes to mind, and they find distractions impossible to resist (Hallowell 1994). About 15 million Americans have it today; most of them do not know that they have it. The condition occurs in children and adults, men and women, boys and girls, and it cuts across all ethnic groups, socioeconomic strata, levels of education, and degrees of intelligence. Only about one third of the population outgrows it; two thirds have it throughout adulthood (Hallowell 1994). The "it" being referred to is ADHD, which stands for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. It is estimated that three to five percent of U.S. school-age children are affected by ADHD. In whichever way ADHD is defined, it is clear that more boys than girls are affected, by ratios estimated at 3:1. Many researchers believe that a greater inherent risk, perhaps related to brain biochemistry or structure, exist for males (Woodrich, 2000). It is estimated, also, that approximately three percent of children in the U.S
Although many children affected with this condition experience the common symptoms, many of them have other symptoms that others do not have. Pharmacological intervention using stimulant medication has been shown to be an effective, but not maximally effective, treatment for ADHD. As adults, they have more depression-related problems such as severe discouragement and demoralization. The three main symptoms that make up ADHD are inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity (Welch 1999). · Presence of symptoms for six months or longer. There are many myths about treatment for people who have ADHD. The average age at which symptoms first become evident is three to four years old. The effects of behavior therapy include improvement in both primary (inattention, distractibility, impulsivity, and hyperactivity) and secondary (aggression and conduct problems) symptoms. Many parents report that their child was hyperactive, restless, driven, and constantly on the go since he or she was a toddler or even before. People tend to assume their own thoughts about ADHD and refuse to further their sources by consulting a medical professional. This label continued through the 1950's and 1960's. However, stimulants as a sole form of intervention have not resulted in an altered long-term prognosis for treated children (Pelham 1987). · ADHD is a learning disability (Woodrich, 2000). The symptoms of ADHD must cause impairment in two or more settings and that there must be clear evidence of negative impact in an important aspect of life, such as social or academic environments. Newer cells, when they activate, cause the desired response in the part of the brain in which they are located.
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