Bolshevism
During the reign of Czar Nicholas II (1884-1917),Russia went through a series of bad harvests that causedstarvation among the peasants. As industrializationincreased, discontent also grew among the middle class andproletarians (workers) in the cities. As a result, Russiansfound themselves drawn to three main polotical parties thatsought changes in government and promised a better future;the liberal constitutionists, the populists and theMarxists. The Marxists, who followed the socialistteachings of Karl Marx, wanted to promote revolution amongthe city workers. In 1898 a number of secret Marxist groupsin Russia joined and formed the Russian Social DemocraticLabor Party, which became the inception from which Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, who later added the name Lenin, is the founder of Bolshevism, which later became known as the Communist Party. This Communist doctrine isbased on the ideas and theories of Karl Marx. According toMarx, the free enterprise system, which is based onprivately owned businesses, would eventually destroy itself. As a result, economic depressions would occur. Thedepressions would worsen until the workers would revolt and
He believed that Russia's loss wouldbring about a revolution in the country. In October 1917, when Lenin returnedfrom exile, he urged the Central Committee to begin a revoltagainst Kerensky's government. Microsoft Corporation, 1998"Bolshevism. " Grolier: Encyclopedia of Knowledge. From this point on the Bolsheviks competed with theMensheviks and other parties for the leadership in theanticsaric revolution.
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