Great Awakening, The
The Great Awakening was the first real event in America that did not include any other country. The Great Awakening was a revivalism of religion and the purpose of going to church. Many ministers in congregations of different religions caused the people of their churches to fall to their knees to obey God in fear of hell. These events led to the realization of the need to go to church in many of the colonists in the 1730s and 1740s. The Great Awakening began among Dutch settlers around New Brunswick in Northern New Jersey, in the 1720s. The growth of towns, the increase of commerce, and the expansion of overseas trading caused new distractions from church. It spread in the 1730s to the Congregationalists under Jonathan Edwards in the Connecticut valley, and to Presbyterian revivalists (who had come directly from Northern Ireland to eastern Pennsylvania and Southern New York). These Scottish-Irish carried the movement with them, wherever they settled, mostly along the frontier from Maine to Georgia (Garraty 95). In America, the Awakening signaled the coming of an encircling evangelicalism, which is the belief that the core of religious occurrence was the "new birth," inspired by the preaching of the Word. It invigorated
Many conventional people, disgusted with the unrestrained excesses of the evangelists, went over to the Anglican Communion where respectable people might worship with decency, untroubled by a noisy preacher shouting that they were damned. He preached a doctrine of hellfire and damnation. When he preached, solid citizens openly wept and confessed their sins. Sometimes he held services outdoors, but most of the time he was invited to preach in larger churches, especially in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston. Harvard College, which had welcomed Whitefield in 1740, passed a verdict four years later in opposition to him and his conduct. The Preacher would yell descriptions of what would happen if a person did not obey God to their congregations. While preaching, he radiated energy and enthusiasm, bounding about and waving his arms to emphasize his points. He preached up and down the Raritan valley and other areas in that region. Tennent's group in the Presbyterian Church, known as New Lights, broke away from the group known as the Old side, which opposed revivalism. The wrath of God is like great waters that are dammed for the present; they increase more and more, and rise higher and higher, till an outlet is given; and the longer the stream is stopped, the more rapid and mighty is its course when once it is let loose. Frelinghuysen, a New Jersey preacher of the Dutch Reformed Church. 'Tis true that judgment against your evil works has not been executed hitherto; the floods of God's vengeance have been withheld; but your guilt in the meantime is constantly increasing; and you are every day treasuring up more wrath; the waters are continually rising and waxing more and more mighty; and there is nothing but the mere pleasure of God that holds the waters back that are unwilling to be stopped, and hard press to go forwards; if God should only withdraw his hand from the floodgate, it would immediately fly open, and the fiery floods of the fierceness and wrath of God would rush forth with inconceivable fury, and would come upon you with omnipotent power;. Jonathan Edwards was the other person of great influence on the Great Awakening.
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