Geographic Information Systems
The rapid development of technology has led to advancements that have had a direct impact on the improvement of our military. Weapons have become more effective and the use of satellite imagery has helped reduce the amount of lives lost during conventional warfare. Although not often contemplated, geography and its subcomponents are a critical element of any successful military campaign. U.S. military personnel must plan for environmental factors as well as enemy tactics to ensure a successful campaign. In light of the recent events that have placed our country on the inevitable brink of war, the United States military must continue to implement systems and standards that maximize effectiveness while minimizing casualties. Should the United States military use Geographic Information Systems?The military uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to help understand terrain and its effect on battlefield support ("In Search of Military GIS" 1). By becoming more cognizant of terrain conditions, the United States military has become the most lethal and efficient military in the world. Understanding terrain has been important to military operations for roughly 1000 years ("The Role of Geographic Information Systems on the Ele
Modeling and simulation are excellent training tools ("In Search of Military GIS" 1). Mountainous terrain and underground caverns are currently being scoured with the help of satellite images of the area in an effort to locate Osama bin Laden and other members of the Taliban. Some maps that would be used by deployed soldiers are more than 25 years old ("In Search of Military GIS" 2). These sensors can provide information on things such as troop movement and nuclear testing. The cost of modern battlefield systems prohibits constant training. Heat can also be detected utilizing band 6 of the electromagnetic spectrum and is used heavily to identify nuclear reactions, such as those from submarines or underground nuclear testing (Anselmo 414). Terrain can change drastically over time and GIS ensures that all personnel are afforded the opportunity to see the same graphical representation of the battlefield. GIS provides data that greatly reduces these problems. The importance of accurately striking a target is high during armed conflicts. Soil saturation levels have a direct impact on vehicle mobility. Iraq's buildup of troops on the Kuwaiti border in 1994 and the quick response by the U. Satellite imagery and aerial photography are used heavily in the U. Without the use of line of sight models, military personnel on the ground would be forced to repeatedly emplace equipment in an effort to find locations where a clear line of sight could be obtained.
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