Creatine: Health or Hazard
Creatine is the biggest thing to hit the supplement market and the field of nutritional science in years, though it is not a new supplement by any means. It has actually been around for decades, with scientific reports on creatine and muscle dating as far back as the 1920's. Creatine was originally used by athletes in Europe (it was first notably used by elite British track athletes who competed in the '92 Olympic Games) before it hit the United States in the early 1990's ("Creatine", 1999). Creatine is an amino acid derivative that is formed in the liver, kidneys and pancreas from the amino acids arginine, glycine and methionine. Once synthesized, creatine is transported to the muscles, heart and brain, where it is used as an energy supplier. Creatine works remarkably similar to glycogen loading, which is commonly used by runners to boost performance. Both methods pack energy stores into skeletal muscle. Runners use glycogen to power aerobic energy production. Strength athletes, on the other hand, require a different type of energy, called ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Creatine enters the muscles and is converted to creatine phosphate where it can regenerate ATP. Since
I believe that if creatine is used properly then it is safe to use and does not pose any harmful threats to the body. Creatine has skyrocketed in popularity to become one of the best-selling sports supplements ever. The theory is that as the quantity of this fluid rises, it pushes against the cell membrane and actually expands the cell's volume. Review of LiteratureThere have been many recent studies on the effects of creatine supplementation use. After the 28-day period, the creatine group had a significant increase in body weight and muscle mass, greater gains in bench-press lifting volume and greater gains in sprint performance than the placebo group (Burke, 1998a). Researchers also believe that creatine can increase the amount of fluid stored inside your muscle cells. Over time, the increased work effort stimulates the body to produce additional muscle proteins as a training adaptation, resulting in enhanced strength and power (Tuttle, 1998). I feel confident that if the wrestlers maintained a health diet and exercise regime that fatalities would not have resulted. It also has been shown that it also reduces the muscles' dependence on the energy pathway that uses glucose and glycogen, thus lessening lactic-acid production. A half-pound of raw meat contains approximately 1-g of creatine. Scientists at the University of Queensland, St. Still, most people get favorable results if the proper dosage is used. This crash weight-loss behavior by wrestlers is common. Since creatine comes from animal products, the average vegetarian or individual who eats only small quantities of meat exhibits a significantly lower level of muscular creatine stores. To date, doctors and researchers involved in creatine research and the use of creatine with athletes have unanimously stated that the FDA and the press are jumping the gun in trying to link creatine in any way to these unfortunate deaths (Burke, 1998a).
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