Diabetes
The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is providedfor educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic ortreatment purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about thisdisorder, please contact your personal physician and/or the agencieslisted in the "Resources" section of this report.Insulin-dependent Diabetes is a disorder in which the body does notproduce enough insulin and is, therefore, unable to convert nutrientsinto the energy necessary for daily activity. The disorder affectsfemales and males approximately equally. Although the causes ofinsulin-dependent diabetes are not known, genetic factors seem to play a Normally, sugars and starches (carbohydrates) in the foods we eat areprocessed by digestive juices into glucose. Glucose circulates inthe blood as a major energy source for body functions. Its use isregulated primarily by insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas gland(located behind the stomach). In the person with diabetes, there is
If left untreated, ketoacidosiscan progress to coma and death. Heart and blood vessel diseases such as heart attack, hardening ofthe arteries (arteriosclerosis), and stroke are the leading causes ofillness, disability and death among diabetics. Diabetic Neuropathy (damage to the nerves). Diabetics with serious renal disease may also becandidates for a kidney transplant if a suitable donor organ isavailable. Almost all people withdiabetes eventually develop some peripheral nerve involvement, but formany, it is slight and produces no symptoms. Diabetic Nephropathy (Kidney Disease). Strictattention to control of diabetes is essential during pregnancy to helpreduce risks to both mother and baby. Recently portable "insulin pumps" have been developed, which permitcontinuous administration of insulin, as well as additional amounts ofinsulin when needed to control the changes in blood sugar level that occursafter meals. Hunger andfatigue are caused by the body's inability to utilize foods properlyfor nourishment and energy. Diabetes is the leading cause of partial loss of vision and newblindness in the United States today. Therapies: Standard-------------------------------- A daily routine of insulin-injection, controlled diet, exercise toburn off glucose, and testing for blood sugar level is vital in achievingand maintaining good blood sugar control in patients withInsulin-Dependent Diabetes. Ketoacidosis, or Diabetic Coma, results from too little insulinin the system. ) Although the way in which diabetes damages eye tissue is notknown, two important treatments have been developed in recent years.
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