State of Nature vs. Nature of
The philosophical concept of the state of nature is that all men are inherently good or evil. Down to their very essence, in the wild and surviving on instinct alone, man was believed to have behaved in a manner that was either purely good or purely evil.The nature of man is the philosophical concept of when man moved from living in a state of nature to accepting a social contract. It argues at what point and for what reason did man renounce his personal freedom and become part of a society.According to Hobbes, men are inherently evil and that by their very nature people were constantly in a struggle for power and wealth. In the state of nature, people were always at war with one another, a war of all against all. Each individual was endowed with the right to do anything they pleased. Hobbes asserted that this went on until people discovered through reason that they could prevent their demise by behaving toward one another in mutually beneficial ways. In conclusion, according to Hobbes, men for the sake of peace, made a contract to renounce their natural liberty, and people depending on promises, accepted the social contract.According to Jean Jacques Rousseau, men are in
Locke, in contrast with Hobbes, did not claim that man had to transfer any rights to the civil society. We see this expressed in our Constitution in the form of "freedom of speech. Constitution and the workings of the American government is the idea that there should be three equal branches of government. He also advocated the Separation of Powers, in that there should be three branches of government, what is known today as 'checks and balances'. John Locke wrote, "The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which [treats] everyone [equally]. However, because there was no common judge, people began to intrude on others freedom and happiness. Henceforth, savage man was peaceful and did not wish to harm others. Therefore people had to enter into a social contract. According to John Locke, man was both good and evil and that he was mostly dominated by reason. Reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind. When that happened then people began to judge and punish everyone. He simply said that man had a good reason to do it. In his writings Locke said, "[We have learned from] history we have reason to conclude that all peaceful beginnings of government have been laid in the consent of the people. Finally, he advocated natural rights, in that everyone had the freedom of worship, the freedom of speech and that everyone was created equal.
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