Cuban Missile Crisis
In 1960, as tensions grew between the Soviet Union and the United States, the premier of the Soviet Union, Nikita Khrushchev, began planning to secretly supply Cuba with nuclear missiles. Not until 1962 did the United States gain knowledge of these actions and begin to take action. The United States president, John F. Kennedy, warned, "The gravest issues would arise" should the Soviets continue to place nuclear weapons in Cuba. A standoff took place between the two great nations as the rest of the world looked on and held its breath. This became known as the "Cuban Missile Crisis." While the Soviets incessantly stated that they were defensive missiles the United States saw them as "clearly offensive weapons of sudden mass destruction" and demanded their removal. However, with the Soviets declaring that they were solely for defensive purposes, how could the U.S. justify taking action? It was determined that each missile was capable of traveling a distance of more than 1000 nautical miles. There were also additional sites designed for ballistic missiles traveling twice as far, jet bombers being assembled, and the necessary air bases being prepared. This put Washington D.C. or any other city in the
The Soviets started the shipments in early 1962. The US government, following its U-2 flight inspections, lifted the quarantine on November 20With this knowledge, President Kennedy decided that he needed to take decisive action. southeastern part of the United States in jeopardy of being struck by one of these missiles. As there were not enough resources or the support of the entire military institution to build more intercontinental missiles, they decided to use the IRBMs and MRBMs. The next year, 1963, saw the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty being concluded between the two countries. However, ExCom decided that it was the only possible choice. After a tense week Khrushchev announced, on October 28, that the construction of the sites had stopped. It was the result of the on going cold War. " Rightfully so, Kennedy decided that it was in the best interest of the entire world community to put a stop to these actions taken by the Soviet Union. Perhaps, Elekdag's last sentence sums up his and generally Turkish people's feelings quite well: "Even though 35 years have passed, there are a lot of lessons to be learnt from this crisis". This is exactly how Kennedy learned of the growing situation in Cuba. Furthermore, if the Americans were to reject the Soviet demands then Turkey would be the "victim of Soviet retaliation. President Kennedy had gotten his brother (Justice Minister Robert Kennedy) to secretly deliver a message to the Soviet Ambassador Anatoly Dobrynin on October twenty-third.
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