Modern Drama
Modern drama began by turning toward realism and away from the fantasy of nineteenth-century melodrama and farce. Realism gave rise to various innovations that served to express the dramatist’s vision of what reality is. These attempts to be “ more real than real” can be called expressionism. Realism and expressionism are the two dominant modes of drama in the twentieth century. One focuses on the external details of everyday life, while the other focuses on the mind and feelings and tries to show how The word drama comes from the Greek word dran, which means “to do” or “to act”. Besides being traditionally literary, the drama is a theatrical form. Dramatist do not usually write with the purpose of communicating directly to the reader, as do fiction . . .
It is this collective sense that we must bear in mind when we speak of play as an imitation. Tragedy focus on the individual rather than on the group. Good dramatists are aware of the resources and limitations of their medium. Dramatists attempt to construct meaningful works in two ways: by the precise and evocative use of words, and by careful attention to basic structure. Almost always, a plot involves conflict, either an outer conflict between the major character and other characters or an inner conflict in the mind of the main character, or both. All of us go to plays (or read them) so that we can, in some way, see the reenacted impulses, fears, or aspirations that we share with others. Comedy, on the other hand, is more interested in the group. Drama has been traditionally categorized under two main types: tragedy and comedy. Imitation, the first term in Aristotle’s definition, does not necessary mean a close copying of real life. Tragedy involves a net that tightens around the protagonists in spite of, perhaps even because of, their efforts to escape it. The antagonists of comedy are filled with the vices and follies of human nature, and the plot of comedy involves their reformation, so that they become fit companies for others. They recognize that they must tell their stories in a different way from novelists. It focuses on the welfare of society and of the human race itself. A play, in Aristotle’s terms, must have a plot with a beginning, middle, and end.
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