Dadaism

Dadism is a multiple, anti-art movement resulting from the social and psychological dislocations of World War 1. As a movement Dadaism is important for freeing up artistic expression and forms, as well as for being a generating influence on surrealism. Throughout dada’s history there was many different meanings and forms that developed in the four main dada centres. Dada developed firstly in Zurich and New York in 1915 then long after spread to Germany where it had four different centres (Berlin, Hanover and Cologne), and then saw the ends of it in Paris. Even though not expressed in books and so on Dada influenced many other cities and areas. There are many reasons for the differences in the different centres of Dada.

The beginning of Dada all began in the Armory show in New York, which was prior to the movement in 1913. It introduced Modernism to the U.S.A. Marcel Duchamp’s NUDE DESCENDING A STAIRCASE (a cubist and futurism influenced piece) was a sensation. Duchamp was a key figure in the development of Dada. Dada helped give the benefit of the doubt to a totally different concept of art. The Dada movement officially began in 1915 and ended about in 1923.

The reason that Dada was an anti-art

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Arp convinced Ernst and other Dadaists in the area to keep apolitical. Picabia and Tzara had made a decision at the Paris conference for worldwide Dadaists that “Dadaists are against Dada”. They were anti-art, anti-bourgeois, ant-religion and anti-art Dadaists. Dada is the attitude and the thoughts of the many different artists that made up the era and the movement. This led to such works as the ‘Gramineous Bicycle. They practiced there work in three places Berlin, Hanover and Cologne. Schwitters had numerous ties with the Berlin group but remained more or less on the official side of Dadaism. A small theatre founded by Hugo Ball. This can clearly be seen through one of his most famous works. Arps forms retained their organic essence and in doing so he began the tradition which one branch of surrealism was to follow. Zurich Dada can be seen as the Anti-Art Dada movement.

THE GRAMINEOUS BICYCLE 1920 (max ernst)

Paris Dada was the last place for Dada to occur, it occurred during 1919-1923. Because Germany was so war weary art started to become more popular because it had no graphic representations of the horrors of the war.

Key features about the Zurich Dadaist was that they had automatic writing, abstract biomorphic sculpture, syllabic poetry, performances (often shouted) accompanied by the beating of Drums.

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