The Continent of India
India, the largest democracy, the second most populous country, islocated at 20 N and 77 E. India is bounded by Pakistan to north-west, Nepaland China to the north-east, Arabian sea to the south-east and Bay of Bengal tothe south-west. The capital of India is New Delhi, a sprawling city with 11million people. Indian history can be traced back over some 5,000 years. Manydynasties like Gupta, Mogul, and Sultans ruled India over centuries. The historyof British India begins in 1600, with the setting up of the East India Company.Gradually they became the rulers and ruled India until it became independent in1947 under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. After independence India waspartitioned to create Pakistan, a Muslim state.According to Indian constitution, India is a "sovereign, socialist, secular,republic". The central government is patterned after the British parliamentarysystem. The government has three branches, executive, legislative, judiciary.The president is the head of the state and his duties are largely ceremonial.Prime Minister is the head of the government and he leads the cabinet, the
The Janata Dal (United) Party claimsto be a national party and advocates a secular and socialist ideology and drawsmuch of its popular support from Muslims, lower castes, and tribals. The nonproliferation dialogue initiated after the 1998 nuclear tests has bridged manyof the gaps in understanding between the countries. The Council ofMinistersis responsible to the Lok Sabha. It is an integral part of the entire Indiantradition. India exports 4 billion inagricultural products, engineering goods, precious stones, cotton apparel andfabrics, handicrafts, and tea. India's bicameral parliament consists of the Councilof States, Rajya Sabha, and the House of the People, Lok Sabha. However, India has yet tosign the CTBT, agree to a fissile material production moratorium, or define itsintentions on acquiring a nuclear deterrent clearly. India's nuclear tests in May 1998 seriously damaged Indian-American relations. India is home toHinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and other religioustraditions. Itsagriculture products are wheat, rice, coarse grains, oilseeds, sugar, cotton,jute, and tea. Hinduism is the dominant faith, practiced by over 80% of thepopulation. Stretching back in an unbroken sweep over 5000 years, India's culture has beenenriched by successive waves of migration which were absorbed into the Indianway of life. The BJP currently leadsa coalition government under Prime Minister A. India's natural resources are coal, iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite,chromite, thorium, limestone, barite, titanium ore, diamonds, and crude oil.
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