Plastic Surgery
PLASTIC SURGERY. The medical specialty of plastic surgery is concerned with the reshaping of body tissues to correct patients' disfigurements and malformations and to improve physical appearance. The word plastic comes from the Greek plastikos, meaning "to shape" or "to form." The primary objectives in plastic surgery are to restore the impaired function of damaged tissues and to produce cosmetically pleasing results. To accomplish these ends, plastic surgeons must have knowledge of the different tissues available for reconstruction, such as the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous fat, muscle, bone, cartilage, nerves, and tendons. They must understand the behavior of these tissues under surgical conditions and the effects of surgery on the tissues. Malformations and disfigurements generally result from congenital defects, injuries, diseases such as cancer, or surgery that requires the removal of large sections of muscle and other tissue. Common congenital defects include cleft lip or palate, which occurs when facial bones and other tissues fail to fuse during embryonic stages. Injuries that often require corrective plastic surgery include serious chemical and thermal burns and traumatic wounds suffered in wars, accidents, and na
This enables plastic surgeons to deal with the complex problems often seen in patients with severe burns, multiple injuries, and complex head and neck cancers. Plastic surgery dates back to 600 BC, when Hindu physicians were surgically reconstructing noses. Skin flaps contain the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat to provide new blood supply. Skin grafts are layers of translucent skin that either cover burned surfaces or replace skin that has been destroyed through disease or injury. Breast augmentation is a surgical procedure in which a mammary prosthesis--often a silicone bag filled with silicone gel--is implanted in normal breast tissue to enlarge breast size or to reconstruct the breast after mastectomy (removal of the breast) because of breast cancer. Microsurgery also can decrease the number of surgical procedures required to achieve successful reconstructive or cosmetic results with patients. Education and Training Plastic surgery has grown rapidly as a profession since the 1930s. When a large amount of tissue has been destroyed, plastic surgery can be used to cover unsightly defects. Fixation plates and wires are sometimes used to reconstruct fractured bones in the hand or face. These techniques included better facial restorations, improved artificial limbs (known as prostheses), and more successful skin grafts. These include rhinoplasty, or nose surgery; otoplasty to correct protruding ears; blepharoplasty to remove excess fat and skin from the eyelids; rhytidoplasty, or face-lift; and breast augmentation. The use of silicone breast implants is a controversial procedure because it has been found that the bags may rupture and leak gel into surrounding tissue, causing immune system and connective tissue disorders.
Common topics in this essay:
Cancer Cosmetic,
PLASTIC SURGERY,
Surgery Reconstructive,
World War,
Transplantation Tissue,
Plastic Surgery,
FDA United,
BC Hindu,
plastic surgery,
Training Plastic,
plastic surgeons,
breast implants,
cosmetic surgery,
reconstructive surgery,
reconstructive cosmetic,
skin grafts,
Board Plastic,
silicone breast implants,
scar tissue,
severe burns,
dermis subcutaneous,
reconstructive cosmetic surgery,
plastic surgeons complete,
improve physical appearance,
dermis subcutaneous fat,
|
Acceptance Essays
