Research paper on the Borgia Family
The Borgias were one of the most important families in Italy, during the last years of the renaissance, if not the most important one. Not because of their goodness and kindness, the exact opposite, due to the behavior of some of the members of the family the Borgia name was soon known as a synonym for avarice ,murder and treachery. Their rise to power was in dubitative ways, as well as the their winning of political and economical power.The Borjas ( that was their original last name) were from Spain, from Aragon .There they all lived, as a catholic family. But then they moved to Italy, where they formed their "empire" Three Borgias became especially important:· Alfonso Borgia : He established the Borgias in Italy during the late renaissance. He was born in Dec. 31, 1378, near Jativa, kingdom of Aragon. He became a priest and in 1444 he was named an archbishop by the Pope Martin V. Latter on April 8, 1455, at the age of 76 he was elected Pope, so he moved to Rome, and several family members followed him and established there.He was named Calixtus III. The first order of his pontificate was to make one crusade to recover Constantinople from the Turks, but this crusade failed. He was successful, however, in raising
Lucrezia was given first to Giovanni Sforza of Milan, and, when that marriage was annulled by papal decree on the grounds of impotence, then she was married to Alfonso of Aragon. In 1491 he became bishop of Pamplona, and in 1492 (after his father became the Pope,) he also became archbishop of Valencia and he was also made a cardinal in 1493He had Catalan tutors, ho recognized that Cesare was extremely brilliant, and besides he was also known as "the handsomest man in Italy. · Cesare Borgia: Cesare was, the oldest of the four children of Vannozza and Rodrigo. He had several mistresses and at least 4 kids; Juan, Cesare, Jofre, and Lucrezia, of those the most important ones where Lucrezia Borgia and Cesare Borgia whose complicated careers troubled his pontificate. He refused to support the king's claim to Naples and, by an alliance with Milan, Venice, and the Holy Roman emperor, eventually forced the French to withdraw from Italy. In 1456 he was made cardinal and vice-chancellor of the church by him. He started out normal enough, but soon he was considered lavish and immoral. In September 1493 Alexander created his teenaged son Cesare a cardinal,His favorite son, Juan was made duke of Gandia and was married to Maria Enriquez, the cousin of King Ferdinnd IV of Castile. He persuit the war against the Ottoman Turku. But it seemed as if, the two Borgias worked in harmony; Alexander was by far the more astute politician, and Cesare the more ruthless man of action. A number of political assassinations were attributed to him But the best known crime of which he is clearly author was the murder in August 1500 of his brother-in-law Alfonso, duke of Bisceglie, the second husband of Lucrezia. His personal life, was "normal" compared to the lives of the rest of the Borgias, he did showed favoritism for his nephew Rodrigo Borgia, whom he made general (of the papal forces) and cardinal. Aut Caesar, aut nihil ("Either Caesar or Nothing") was the frase he adopted to indicate his purpose .
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