Under the New Constitution
Under the new Constitution, the infant country of America began the long crawl to independence. The country began facing many problems as a new nation and slowly began to wade out from the international troubles that it faced. The 1790s brought on many foreign and domestic affairs for the United States to contend with but the country struggled through each one valiantly under the leadership of George Washington and John Adams.America was faced with the problems of its once former ally, France. The weakened power of France with its own civil war at hand went to war with the European powers in 1792. Washington responded with the Proclamation of Neutrality. This Proclamation stated, "United States would "pursue a conduct friendly and impartial" toward the belligerent powers." However, Washington's move toward neutrality came too late. The day he signed the proclamation, a French war vessel captured a British ship name Grange in Delaware Bay and sailed it into Philadelphia. Some people strongly felt for the French like the Jeffersonian and felt that America had a debt to pay for the power, which had helped them in their own time of trouble. Citizen Genet dishonored Washington's policy by trying to encourage popular support
Senate finally accepted a slightly modified version of the treaty after a heated discussion. "Genet even awarded American pirate crews two captured British brigantines and began shipping ammunition to France. Internal problems inside America also shook the newly built foundations. The result was the Pinckney Treaty, ratified by the Senate in 1796, in which the Spanish opened the Mississippi River to American traffic, including the right of deposit in the port city of New Orleans, and recognized the 31st parallel s the northern boundary of Florida. The Jeffersonian Democrats argued however that the treaty violated the American rights and commercial interests and the French alliance of 1778. With the presidency of John Adams, a three-man delegation was sent to France in 1798 in attempt to stop the French harassment of the American shipping. He continued to put American arms and crews aboard American ships and rushed them to sea. Thomas Pinckney was invited to the Spanish court to strengthen what Madrid perceived to be her deteriorating position on the American frontier. However, France was dominated by the emperor, Napoleon, and under his rule, he signed a new treaty with America to restore peace. John Adams and Thomas Jefferson ran together for the office of president; John Adams as for the Federalist party and Thomas Jefferson as the Democratic party. America faced many challenges to meet the forging of a new nation. John Jay was the liaison between America and Britain in negotiating a treaty with the British to "settle the conflict at sea as well as to curtail English Agitation of their Indian allies on the western borders. When Congress passed an excise tax on distilled liquors in 1791, the accused offenders, many from the Monongahela Valley in Western Pennsylvania, grew very violent. " Due to the French insult to the American people, Adams moved to suspend all trade with the French, and American ship captains were authorized to attack and capture any armed French vessels.
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