Chapter 5 in the textbook focuses on the four major strategies for getting food: foraging, horticulture, pastoralism, and agriculture. Each of these four strategies possesses important characteristics. These strategies have also affected other aspects of human societies such as technology, settlement patterns, family life and religion. In the following essay I will be writing in depth about the four major strategies.
The first strategy I will focus on is foraging. Foraging is sometimes called “hunting and gathering.” Foraging involves the collection of wild plants and hunting animals for food. Men were usually assigned the role of hunting, while women were sent out to collect things like berries, nuts, seeds, flowers, and fruit. Technology plays an important part in foraging as well. Before certain wild plants are eaten, lab tests are done to make sure the food is safe. Most foragers are nomads. They move with the availability of food and water. Foragers are not food producers so they do not contribute to any economic system. They
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They also must know how to use all of the farming machinery and how to repair it. Because they need to find new land, every so often, pastoralists are nomadic. Things like milk, bones, and skin provide raw materials to make things. Men and women both have to work and usually work together. Horticultural societies usually have large amounts of people to feed, so the entire family and community must work together. This society also uses reciprocity. Foragers can get everything they need from one another. Agriculture calls for markets where farmers can sell and buy products. The bands practice reciprocity between one another. Unlike foragers, who are nomadic, horticulturalists stay in one place for a long amount of time. Reciprocity is still practiced, but only between family and close friends. Even though these ideas have been around for a long time they are still very efficient ways of food production and will continue to remain so for many more generations.
The last strategy for acquiring food is agriculture. The family is an important part of horticulture. ” Foragers also share responsibilities and have excellent survival skills.
Approximate Word count =
711
Approximate Pages =
3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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