Reformation
Assess the condition of the Roman Catholic Church on the eve of the reformation.In the 1400 - 1500's there were many changes that took place. These changes were religious, political, social and economical. In the 1500, a large part of Europe was Christian. Muslims were common too though, especially in Spain. Europe was small and poor in the 1500's: this was before the spread of literacy. The government was feudal in nature (kings and nobles) The Pope unified Christianity, but the land was divided into nation states. Europe main countries were England, Spain, France, Germany, Italy and the Holy Roman Empire. This division was due to the concern with what was beneficial to themselves. The Holy Roman Empire was called "holy" because it was christianised. The Holy Roman empire was the centre of the roman catholic church as it was the home to the Pope. The History of Holy Roman Empire began with Charlemagne who was crowned by Pope Leo III. The Holy Roman Empire had less than 50 cities, they were independent from the princes. They were centres of culture and wealth. Most people were farmers that did not own their land but paid rent. The structure of the church basically considered of the secular clergy; these were the parish p
Hotels were established and supported by the church. The clergy has been criticised both by laymen and by some preachers. Pope Sixtus IV unashamedly favoured his nephew, Giuliano, whom he created Archbishop of Avignon and ruler of two wealthy abbeys. Pilgrimages and Christian festivals still remained popular, with pilgrimages to places such as Jerusalem and Lourdes being fashionable. They placed more focus on promoting their own family interests, playing Italian politics, and appearing as supporters of art and new architecture, than on providing a proper leadership for the Christian movement. This was the time of the great schism, with two rival popes vying for authority, each claiming that he was the source of true authority in the church. For doing this they reaped certain benefits. Whereas secular courts tried criminal and most property cases. Some German preachers called upon the emperor to lead a pro-reform movement within the church. Julius II (1503 - 1513) became known as the 'warrior pope' because of his active involvement in the Italian wars. The Bishop did the sacraments, ordination, confirmation etc. Some monasteries proved themselves proved themselves capable both of internal reforms and of increasing the spiritual zeal.
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