Gender Stratification in the Workplace
In 1977, the Canadian Government adopted legislation to correct gender stratification in the workplace as part of the Canadian Human Rights Act. 9 years later the Employment Equity Act was introduced. "The purpose of the Act is to achieve equality in the workplace so that no person is denied employment opportunities or benefits for reasons unrelated to ability." (Human Resources Development Canada) 12 years prior the United States passed legislation to help correct workplace inequalities with the Equal Opportunity Employment Act. These acts, in theory, should eliminate gender bias and pay inequities, but so far, seem to have fallen short because these bias' and inequalities are still present. "Women continue to occupy the lower and middle ranks of organizations, have unequal access to training and promotion, encounter difficulty entering male-dominated professions, and are paid less than men for equal work"(International Labour Organization) Employment opportunities and promotion opportunities continue to be unequally distributed resulting in gender bias and pay inequities. Work cultures and informal networks are one of the causes of this stratification, along with institutional and attitudinal processes. Society and personal beli
Maume explains that, "women are continually excluded from supervisory positions and are generally paid lower salaries even in those agencies. Further research has shown that this notion of men who work and communicate with just men make for a better organization is wrong. 14) He adds that, "gender is a culture unto itself, raised with basic rules of conduct "instinctively" known to all adult members of that gender. Job segregation is another factor in workplace stratification. 1-2) In the National Study of Gender-Based Occupational Segregation in Municipal Bureaucracies: Persistence of Glass Walls, it was found that, "females are underrepresented in the best paying or most powerful positions within city government. Maume states that, "social closure issues hold that society has defined what jobs are appropriate for males and what jobs are appropriate for females" (p. When men and women are together, each contributes in important ways to high-quality decision making.
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