Study of the mind
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and cognition. Within the study of psychology there are several approaches that are used in order to understand the study of behavior, cognition and its theories such as the humanistic and socioculture approaches which were developed as a feedback to the limitations of psychodynamic theories when Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, and later Jean Piaget and Lev Vigotsky found that psychoanalysis could not be used to explain the phenomena of human behavior and mental development. The evolution of new approaches was related to the positive accepting of mental development, to the critique and the rejection of determinism of psychodynamic theories. The humanistic and socioculture approaches to psychology have its own merits and demerits. In this concise review we will compare and contrast the humanistic approach where "psychologist use the approach to stress that people are unique and complex organisms and emphasize that each person has a capacity to his or hers maximum potential" and the socioculture approach which "emphasizes the importance of culture, gender and ethnicity in understanding how we think, feel and act" (Pettijohn T. 1998). The sharpest distinction of the humanistic approach
There is no attention to the cultural heterogeneity. The humanistic approach or the socioculture approaches are not excellent or ideal in every way. The most fundamental concept of sociocultural approach is that the human mind is mediated. On the other hand the socioculture approach has more emphasis on society and its beliefs, customs, practices and social behaviors of society as a whole whether it is an individual, groups or a nation. However, the individualistic approach falsifies the cultural nature of human psychology (Ratner, 1999), and disregards the societal origins, constraints, content, distribution, and functions of psychological phenomena. Humanistic approach seems to be person centered, its followers do not necessary think about the role of the environment however, this approach is very popular in American psychology, due to its ideas and values which are shared out into many areas of social life. If we use the database ERIC (Education Resources Information Center) one will retrieve nearly 1500 publications (439 of the articles in the professional journals) for the keywords "humanistic AND approach". The socioculture approach is an approach in psychology that views human behavior as strongly influenced by the rules and expectations of specific social groups or culture. But this approach has many disadvantages. Humans are social beings where they relate to human society and how it is organize therefore we learn the basic of ideas, values, and norms of our society and incorporated them into our images of ourselves and our social world. "First, the negative side is construed as the negative side effects of positive psychology's dominant, separatist message. I like the positivism of the humanistic psychology, but it is too abstract and impractical however I would consider the humanistic approach on certain situations. What approach is the best? The humanistic offers its own approach in understanding the human conditions, it offers a expanded horizon of method inquiry in the study of human behavior, which becomes effective in the fields of personality, motivation and the professional practice of psychotherapy.
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