Author Robin Shephard Engel attempts to answer whether or not patrol supervisors effectively influence their officers' behavior. Engel examines data collected for the Project on Policing Neighborhoods (POPN). The POPN is a large-scale systematic observational study of police behavior including patrol officers and first-line supervisors, which was conducted in 1996 in Indianapolis, Indiana Police Department (IPD) and in 1997 in St. Petersburg, Florida Police Department (SPPD). Using four distinct supervisory styles created through factor analysis of attitudinal constructs identified in the management and policing literatures, the influence of different supervisory styles over the time officers spend per shift conducting particular types of activities and encounters is assessed.
             The major finding in this research stated that supervisory styles had a major influence over the amount of time that officers spend on police-initiated activities, community-policing, and problem-solving activities. Through my analysis I conclude that assessment is very useful, though it has a few areas that could be improved upon. Findings suggest that supervisory styles do influence subordinate behavior.
             Engel used Organizational theory of community policing to build his research on. Organizational theory replaced the traditional model with the introduction of community policing. Community policing recognizes that the knowledge and experience of line officers is of critical importance to the police organization. In order to be responsive to community problems and engage in problem solving, the rank and file must have greater independence in making decisions. The independence and freedom of line officers to respond to local community problems is encouraged by the decentralization of the police structure, and the formal recognition that police work is highly discretionary. The creation of community substations in local neighborhoods and the organization's...