Leonardo Bruni
Leonardo Bruni was born circa 1369-70 in Arezzo, Italy, which was the same place Petrach was born years before. Sometimes referred to as Aretino because of the city in which he was born, Leonardo went on to become almost as much a figure in the humanistic movement as Petrarch. Griffiths states that part of the reason that Bruni was so successful is because of his duel focus in scholarship of "the mastery of classical literature and the study of the classical languages (9)." Griffiths uses a term "civic humanism (15) to describe a part of Bruni. This is the side of Bruni that was dedicated to public service. In 1405, he became the Apostolic secretary of Pope Innocent VII, and he held this position through two more Pop
' In the presence of many foreign ambassadors and Pope Eugenius, Manetti pronounced the funeral oration and placed the crown of laurel upon his head. Bruni was also the author of biographies of Dante and Petrarch, written in Italian, and Cicero and Aristotle, written in Latin (New Advent). " This is not word-for-word translation, rather, Bruni would "imagine how he [the Greek author] would have written had Latin been his native language (Griffiths 10). He was then buried at the expense of the State in the cemetery of Santa Croce, where his resting place is marked by a monument executed by Rossellino. This book is a history of Florence and is written in Latin. Bruni developed the current style of translation called ad sententiam, "according to the sense (Griffiths 10). According to New Advent,, "His corpse was clad in dark silk, and on his breast was laid a copy of his 'History of Florence. He realized that not all people were so fortunate, and so decided to translate them: Plato, Plutarch, Xenophon, and others. He recieved extraordinary honors upon his death from the Florentine people. He was re-elected Chancellor in 1427 and held the position until his death (Harvard). Part of the reason that Bruni is famous today is that he was a great translator. " Bruni died on the ninth of march in 1444. So he resigned and reclaimed his old position under yet another Pope, John XXIII. Due to his studies, Leonardo was subjected to a great deal of writings in the classical language.
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