Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is a technique used by scientists to transform the DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) of living organisms. DNA is the blueprint for the individuality of an organism. The organism relies upon the information stored in its DNA for the group of every biochemical process. The life, growth and unique features of the organism depend on its DNA. The sections of DNA which have been associated with specific features or functions of an organism are called genes. Molecular biologists have discovered many enzymes which change the structure of DNA in living organisms. Some of these enzymes can cut and join strands of DNA. Using these enzymes, scientists learned to cut the specific genes from DNA and to build customized DNA using these genes. They also learned about vectors that are strands of DNA such as viruses, which can infect a cell and insert themselves into its DNA. Scientists soon began to construct vectors which inserted specific pre-chosen genes into the DNA of living organisms. The job of the Genetic Engineer today is to improve certain aspects of living organisms to prevent diseases or
One example is seen in the food industry, for example, the tomato. Lastly, new plants are developed that provide more nutritious harvested products that keep much longer in storage and transport, keeping the costs low to consumers. Thirdly, there are benefits to the environment because of the decreased use of pesticides. Agriculture has more than one positive effect. The tomato is known to have a short growing season because of it's sensitivity to frost. PROS From land to sea, Genetic Engineering can make a great difference in the food we eat. Genetic Engineers were able to locate a gene in a fish that allows it to survive the cold water and then inserted this frost resistant gene into the tomato. In conclusion genetic engineering can have both a positive and a negative effect. Herbicides are known to be responsible for great illnesses in farm workers. GE can also cause unknown mutations in an organism, which can cause food to contain higher toxins in it. The wind, insects, and plants can all carry genetically changed seeds onto close fields and land. Firstly, there is more production of crops in a smaller amount of space, increasing the profitability. CONS The use of Genetic Engineering on plants, crops, and food has also created a dispute among scientists and humanity. The situation dealing with plants and crops, Genetic Engineering can cause the crop failure to be widespread. Therefore the tomato can grow for a longer time, allowing the consumer to choose bigger and juicier tomatoes.
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Acceptance Essays
